evaṃ mayā śrutam — ekasmin samaye bhagavān śrāvastyāṃ vyahārṣīj jetavane 'nāthapiṇḍadasyārāme.

tatra khalu bhagavān bhikṣūn āmantrayām āsa — saptabhir bhikṣavo dharmaiḥ samanvāgato bhikṣur āryadharmavinaye prītisukhaṃ vindati samyag evāsravakṣayāya pratipadyate. katamaiḥ saptabhiḥ? yaduta bhikṣur dharmajño bhavati, arthajñaḥ, kālajñaḥ, mātrājñaḥ, ātmajñaḥ, parṣajjñaḥ, pudgalavarāvarajñaś ca.

kathaṃ ca bhikṣur dharmajño bhavati? iha bhikṣur dharmān jānāti — sūtraṃ geyaṃ vyākaraṇaṃ gāthāṃ nidānam udānam avadānam itivṛttakaṃ jātakaṃ vaipulyam adbhutadharmam upadeśaṃ ca. evam ucyate bhikṣur dharmajña iti.

yo bhikṣur dharmān na jānāti, yaduta sūtraṃ geyaṃ vyākaraṇaṃ gāthāṃ nidānam udānam avadānam itivṛttakaṃ jātakaṃ vaipulyam adbhutadharmam upadeśaṃ ca na jānāti, evam ayaṃ bhikṣur na dharmajño bhavati.

yo bhikṣur dharmān suṣṭhu jānāti, yaduta sūtraṃ geyaṃ vyākaraṇaṃ gāthāṃ nidānam udānam avadānam itivṛttakaṃ jātakaṃ vaipulyam adbhutadharmam upadeśaṃ ca jānāti, ayam ucyate bhikṣuḥ suṣṭhu dharmajña iti.

kathaṃ ca bhikṣur arthajño bhavati? iha bhikṣus tasya tasya bhāṣitasya dharmasyārthaṃ jānāti — ayam asyārtho ’yam asyārtha iti. evam ucyate bhikṣur arthajña iti.

yo bhikṣur arthaṃ na jānāti, yaduta tasya tasya bhāṣitasya dharmasyārthaṃ na jānāti — ayam asyārtho ’yam asyārtha iti. evam ayaṃ bhikṣur nārthajño bhavati.

yo bhikṣur arthaṃ suṣṭhu jānāti, yaduta tasya tasya bhāṣitasya dharmasyārthaṃ jānāti — ayam asyārtho ’yam asyārtha iti. ayam ucyate bhikṣuḥ suṣṭhv arthajña iti.

kathaṃ ca bhikṣuḥ kālajño bhavati? iha bhikṣuḥ kālaṃ jānāti — ayaṃ kālo nigrahanimittasya bhāvanāyāḥ, ayaṃ kālaḥ pragrahanimittasya bhāvanāyāḥ, ayaṃ kāla upekṣānimittasya bhāvanāyā iti. evam ucyate bhikṣuḥ kālajña iti.

yo bhikṣuḥ kālaṃ na jānāti, yaduta na jānāti — ayaṃ kālo nigrahanimittasya bhāvanāyāḥ, ayaṃ kālaḥ pragrahanimittasya bhāvanāyāḥ, ayaṃ kāla upekṣānimittasya bhāvanāyā iti. evam ayaṃ bhikṣur na kālajño bhavati.

yo bhikṣuḥ kālaṃ suṣṭhu jānāti, yaduta jānāti — ayaṃ kālo nigrahanimittasya bhāvanāyāḥ, ayaṃ kālaḥ pragrahanimittasya bhāvanāyāḥ, ayaṃ kāla upekṣānimittasya bhāvanāyā iti. ayam ucyate bhikṣuḥ suṣṭhu kālajña iti.

kathaṃ ca bhikṣur mātrājño bhavati? iha bhikṣur mātrāṃ jānāti — pāne bhojane gatau sthitau niṣadyāyāṃ śayyāyāṃ bhāṣite tūṣṇīṃbhāve uccārapraśrāvakarmaṇi ca; sa nidrām apanīya jāgaryām anuyuktaḥ saṃprajānan viharati. evam ucyate bhikṣur mātrājña iti.

yo bhikṣur mātrāṃ na jānāti, yaduta na jānāti pāne bhojane gatau sthitau niṣadyāyāṃ śayyāyāṃ bhāṣite tūṣṇīṃbhāve uccārapraśrāvakarmaṇi ca; yo nidrām apanīya jāgaryām nānuyuktaḥ saṃprajānan na viharati. evam ayaṃ bhikṣur na mātrājño bhavati.

yo bhikṣur mātrāṃ suṣṭhu jānāti, yaduta jānāti pāne bhojane gatau sthitau niṣadyāyāṃ śayyāyāṃ bhāṣite tūṣṇīṃbhāve uccārapraśrāvakarmaṇi ca; sa nidrām apanīya jāgaryām anuyuktaḥ saṃprajānan viharati. ayam ucyate bhikṣuḥ suṣṭhu mātrājña iti.

kathaṃ ca bhikṣur ātmajño bhavati? iha bhikṣur ātmānaṃ jānāti — yāvatī me śraddhā vidyate śīlaṃ śrutaṃ tyāgaḥ prajñā pratibhānam āgamo ’dhigamaś ceti. evam ucyate bhikṣur ātmajña iti.

yo bhikṣur ātmānaṃ na jānāti, yaduta nātmanaḥ prajānāti — yāvatī me śraddhā vidyate śīlaṃ śrutaṃ tyāgaḥ prajñā pratibhānam āgamo ’dhigamaś ceti. evam ayaṃ bhikṣur nātmajño bhavati.

yo bhikṣur ātmānaṃ suṣṭhu jānāti, yadutātmanaḥ prajānāti — yāvatī me śraddhā vidyate śīlaṃ śrutaṃ tyāgaḥ prajñā pratibhānam āgamo ’dhigamaś ceti. ayam ucyate bhikṣuḥ suṣṭhv ātmajña iti.

kathaṃ ca bhikṣuḥ parṣajjño bhavati? iha bhikṣuḥ parṣadaṃ jānāti — iyaṃ kṣatriyaparṣad iyaṃ brāhmaṇaparṣad iyaṃ gṛhapatiparṣad iyaṃ śramaṇaparṣad iti. mayā tatraivaṃ gantavyam evaṃ sthātavyam evaṃ niṣattavyam evaṃ bhāṣitavyam evaṃ tūṣṇīṃ bhavitavyam iti. evam ucyate bhikṣuḥ parṣajjña iti.

yo bhikṣuḥ parṣadaṃ na jānāti, yaduta na jānāti — iyaṃ kṣatriyaparṣad iyaṃ brāhmaṇaparṣad iyaṃ gṛhapatiparṣad iyaṃ śramaṇaparṣad iti. mayā tatraivaṃ gantavyam evaṃ sthātavyam evaṃ niṣattavyam evaṃ bhāṣitavyam evaṃ tūṣṇīṃ bhavitavyam iti. evam ayaṃ bhikṣur na parṣajjño bhavati.

yo bhikṣuḥ parṣadaṃ suṣṭhu jānāti, yaduta jānāti — iyaṃ kṣatriyaparṣad iyaṃ brāhmaṇaparṣad iyaṃ gṛhapatiparṣad iyaṃ śramaṇaparṣad iti. mayā tatraivaṃ gantavyam evaṃ sthātavyam evaṃ niṣattavyam evaṃ bhāṣitavyam evaṃ tūṣṇīṃ bhavitavyam iti. ayam ucyate bhikṣuḥ suṣṭhu parṣajjña iti.

kathaṃ ca bhikṣuḥ pudgalavarāvarajño bhavati? iha bhikṣuḥ pudgalān jānāti. dvāv imau pudgalau — śrāddhaś cāśrāddhaś ca. tatra yaḥ śrāddhaḥ sa tayor varaḥ, yo ’śrāddhaḥ so 'varaḥ.

tatra śrāddhe ’pi pudgalau dvau vidhau — asti ya abhīkṣṇam upasaṃkrāmati bhikṣūn, asti yo nābhīkṣṇam upasaṃkrāmati. tatra ya abhīkṣṇam upasaṃkrāmati sa tayor varaḥ, yo nābhīkṣṇam upasaṃkrāmati so 'varaḥ.

tatrābhīkṣṇam upasaṃkrāmaty api pudgalau dvau vidhau — asti yaḥ paryupāste bhikṣūn, asti yo na paryupāste. tatra yaḥ paryupāste sa tayor varaḥ, yo na paryupāste so 'varaḥ.

tatra paryupāsamāne ’pi pudgalau dvau vidhau — asti yaḥ paripṛcchati sūtrāntān, asti yo na paripṛcchati. tatra yaḥ paripṛcchati sa tayor varaḥ, yo na paripṛcchati so 'varaḥ.

tatra paripṛcchaty api pudgalau dvau vidhau — asti ya ekāgracittaḥ śṛṇoti dharmam, asti yo naikāgracittaḥ. tatra ya ekāgracittaḥ śṛṇoti sa tayor varaḥ, yo naikāgracittaḥ so 'varaḥ.

tatraikāgracitte ’pi pudgalau dvau vidhau — asti yo dharmān dhārayati, asti yo na dhārayati. tatra yo dhārayati sa tayor varaḥ, yo na dhārayati so 'varaḥ.

tatra dhārayaty api pudgalau dvau vidhau — asti yo dhṛtānāṃ dharmāṇām artham upaparīkṣate, asti yo nopaparīkṣate. tatra ya upaparīkṣate sa tayor varaḥ, yo nopaparīkṣate so 'varaḥ.

tatropaparīkṣamāṇe ’pi pudgalau dvau vidhau — asti yo dharmam ājñāya artham ājñāya dharmānudharmapratipanno viharati dharmānuvartī dharmacārī; asti yo na dharmam ājñāya nārtham ājñāya na dharmānudharmapratipanno viharati na dharmānuvartī na dharmacārī. tatra yo dharmam ājñāya artham ājñāya dharmānudharmapratipanno viharati dharmānuvartī dharmacārī sa tayor varaḥ, yo na dharmam ājñāya nārtham ājñāya na dharmānudharmapratipanno viharati na dharmānuvartī na dharmacārī so 'varaḥ.

tatra dharmānudharmapratipanne ’pi pudgalau dvau vidhau — asti ya ātmahitāya ca pratipannaḥ parahitāya ca bahujanahitāya lokānukampāyai devamanuṣyāṇām arthāya hitāya yogakṣemāya sukhāya; asti yo naivātmahitāya pratipanno na parahitāya na bahujanahitāya na lokānukampāyai na devamanuṣyāṇām arthāya na hitāya na yogakṣemāya na sukhāya. tatra yaḥ sa pudgala ātmahitāya ca pratipannaḥ parahitāya ca bahujanahitāya lokānukampāyai devamanuṣyāṇām arthāya hitāya yogakṣemāya sukhāya, ayaṃ tatra pudgalānām agra ākhyāyate mahāṃś ca śreṣṭhaś ca varaś ca pravaraś cottamaś ca praṇītaś ca.

tadyathāpi nāma gobhyaḥ kṣīraṃ, kṣīrād dadhi, dadhno navanītaṃ, navanītād ghṛtaṃ, ghṛtāt sarpirmaṇḍaḥ; tatra sarpirmaṇḍo ’gra ākhyāyate mahāṃś ca śreṣṭhaś ca varaś ca pravaraś cottamaś ca praṇītaś ca. evam eva yaḥ sa pudgala ātmahitāya ca pratipannaḥ parahitāya ca bahujanahitāya lokānukampāyai devamanuṣyāṇām arthāya hitāya yogakṣemāya sukhāya. tatra dvāv imau pudgalau yathoktaṃ yathāvibhaktaṃ yathāprajñaptam, tatra tv ayam agra ākhyāyate mahāṃś ca śreṣṭhaś ca varaś ca pravaraś cottamaś ca praṇītaś ca. ayam ucyate bhikṣuḥ pudgalavarāvarajña iti.

idam avocad bhagavān. āttamanasas te bhikṣavo bhagavato bhāṣitam abhyanandiṣuḥ.

kuśaladharmasūktaṃ niṣṭhitam prathamam.