MĀ54 kṣayajñānasūtram

[Translated originally from the Sanskrit Sarvāstivāda Madhyamāgama to Classical Chinese by a team led by Sarvāstivāda scholar Gautama Saṃghadeva of Kāśmīra in 398CE.
Translated from the Chinese Taisho Tripiṭaka back to Sanskrit by Ramakrishnan Suryanarayanan in 2024-26.]

madhyamāgame samudayasaṃyuktavarge kṣayajñānasūtraṃ trayodaśam.

evaṃ mayā śrutam. ekasminsamaye bhagavānkuruṣu viharati sma kalmāṣadamye kurūṇāṃ nigame.

tasminsamaye bhagavānbhikṣūnāmantrayata—jānataḥ paśyato'haṃ bhikṣava āsravakṣayaṃ vadāmi nājānato nāpaśyataḥ. kathaṃ ca bhikṣavo jānataḥ, kathaṃ paśyata āsravakṣayo bhavati. idaṃ duḥkhamiti yathābhūtaṃ jānataḥ paśyata āsravakṣayo bhavati. ayaṃ duḥkhasamudayo'yaṃ duḥkhanirodha iyaṃ duḥkhanirodhagāminī pratipaditi yathābhūtaṃ jānataḥ paśyata āsravakṣayo bhavati.

kṣayajñānaṃ sasamudayaṃ nāsamudayam. kaśca kṣayajñānasya samudayaḥ? vimuktiriti vaktavyam. vimuktirapi sasamudayā nāsamudayā. kā ca vimukteḥ samudayaḥ? virāga iti vaktavyam. virāgo'pi sasamudayo nāsamudayaḥ. kaśca virāgasya samudayaḥ? nirveda iti vaktavyam. nirvedo'pi sasamudayo nāsamudayaḥ. kaśca nirvedasya samudayaḥ? yathābhūtajñānadarśanamiti vaktavyam. yathābhūtajñānadarśanamapi sasamudayaṃ nāsamudayam. kaśca yathābhūtajñānadarśanasya samudayaḥ? samādhiriti vaktavyam. samādhirapi sasamudayo nāsamudayaḥ. kaśca samādheḥ samudayaḥ? sukhamiti vaktavyam. sukhamapi sasamudayaṃ nāsamudayam. kaśca sukhasya samudayaḥ? praśrabdhiriti vaktavyam. praśrabdhirapi sasamudayā nāsamudayā. kaśca praśrabdheḥ samudayaḥ? prītiriti vaktavyam. prītirapi sasamudayā nāsamudayā. kaśca prīteḥ samudayaḥ? prāmodyamiti vaktavyam. prāmodyamapi sasamudayaṃ nāsamudayam. kaśca prāmodyasya samudayaḥ? avipratisāra iti vaktavyam. avipratisāro'pi sasamudayo nāsamudayaḥ. kaścāvipratisārasya samudayaḥ? śīlasaṃvara iti vaktavyam. śīlasaṃvaro'pi sasamudayo nāsamudayaḥ. kaśca śīlasaṃvarasya samudayaḥ? indriyasaṃvara iti vaktavyam. indriyasaṃvaro'pi sasamudayo nāsamudayaḥ. kaścaindriyasaṃvarasya samudayaḥ? smṛtisamprajanyamiti vaktavyam. smṛtisamprajanyamapi sasamudayaṃ nāsamudayam. kaśca smṛtisamprajanyasya samudayaḥ? samyaksaṅkalpa iti vaktavyam. samyaksaṅkalpo'pi sasamudayo nāsamudayaḥ. kaśca samyaksaṅkalpasya samudayaḥ? śraddheti vaktavyam. śraddhāpi sasamudayā nāsamudayā. kaśca śraddhāyāḥ samudayaḥ? dharmanidhyānakṣāntiriti vaktavyam. dharmanidhyānakṣāntirapi sasamudayā nāsamudayā. kaśca dharmanidhyānakṣānteḥ samudayaḥ? dharmasvādhyāya iti vaktavyam. dharmasvādhyāyo'pi sasamudayo nāsamudayaḥ. kaśca dharmasvādhyāyasya samudayaḥ? dharmadhāraṇamiti vaktavyam. dharmadhāraṇamapi sasamudayaṃ nāsamudayam. kaśca dharmadhāraṇasya samudayaḥ? arthopaparīkṣeti vaktavyam. arthopaparīkṣāpi sasamudayā nāsamudayā. kaścārthopaparīkṣāyāḥ samudayaḥ? śrotradhāturiti vaktavyam. śrotradhāturapi sasamudayo nāsamudayaḥ. kaśca śrotradhātoḥ samudayaḥ? saddharmaśravaṇamiti vaktavyam. saddharmaśravaṇamapi sasamudayaṃ nāsamudayam. kaśca saddharmaśravaṇasya samudayaḥ? upasaṅkramaṇamiti vaktavyam. upasaṅkramaṇamapi sasamudayaṃ nāsamudayam. kaścopasaṅkramaṇasya samudayaḥ? paryupāsanamiti vaktavyam.

yaḥ kalyāṇamitraṃ paryupāste tasyāśrutaṃ śrutaṃ bhavati, śrutaṃ cārthāya bhavati. yattathārūpaṃ kalyāṇamitraṃ na paryupāste, sa paryupāsanasamudayamupahanti. paryupāsane'satyupasaṅkramaṇasamudayamupahanti. upasaṅkramaṇe'sati saddharmaśravaṇasamudayamupahanti. saddharmaśravaṇe'sati śrotradhātusamudayamupahanti. śrotradhātāvasatyarthopaparīkṣāsamudayamupahanti. arthopaparīkṣāyāmasatyāṃ dharmadhāraṇasamudayamupahanti. dharmadhāraṇe'sati dharmasvādhyāyasamudayamupahanti. dharmasvādhyāye'sati dharmanidhyānakṣāntisamudayamupahanti. dharmanidhyānakṣāntāvasatyāṃ śraddhāsamudayamupahanti. śraddhāyāmasatyāṃ samyaksaṅkalpasamudayamupahanti. samyaksaṅkalpe'sati smṛtisamprajanyasamudayamupahanti. smṛtisamprajanye'satīndriyasaṃvaraśīlasaṃvarāvipratisāraprāmodyaprītipraśrabdhisukhasamādhiyathābhūtajñānadarśananirvedavirāgavimuktisamudayamupahanti. vimuktāvasatyāṃ kṣayajñānasamudayamupahanti.

yaḥ kalyāṇamitraṃ paryupāste tasyāśrutaṃ śrutaṃ bhavati, śrutaṃ cārthāya bhavati. yattathārūpaṃ kalyāṇamitraṃ paryupāste, sa paryupāsanaṃ paripūrayati. paryupāsane satyupasaṅkramaṇaṃ paripūrayati. upasaṅkramaṇe sati saddharmaśravaṇaṃ paripūrayati. saddharmaśravaṇe sati śrotradhātuṃ paripūrayati. śrotradhātau satyarthopaparīkṣāṃ paripūrayati. arthopaparīkṣāyāṃ satyāṃ dharmadhāraṇaṃ paripūrayati. dharmadhāraṇe sati dharmasvādhyāyaṃ paripūrayati. dharmasvādhyāye sati dharmanidhyānakṣāntiṃ paripūrayati. dharmanidhyānakṣāntau satyāṃ śraddhāṃ paripūrayati. śraddhāyāṃ satyāṃ samyaksaṅkalpaṃ paripūrayati. samyaksaṅkalpe sati smṛtisamprajanyaṃ paripūrayati. smṛtisamprajanye satīndriyasaṃvaraśīlasaṃvarāvipratisāraprāmodyaprītipraśrabdhisukhasamādhiyathābhūtajñānadarśananirvedavirāgavimuktiṃ paripūrayati. vimuktau satyāṃ kṣayajñānaṃ paripūrayati.

idamavocadbhagavān. āttamanasaste bhikṣavo bhagavato bhāṣitamabhyanandan.

kṣayajñānasūtraṃ trayodaśaṃ samāptam.