madhyamanikāyaḥ 20 - vitarkasaṃsthānasūtram

evaṃ mayā śrutam — ekasmin samaye bhagavān śrāvastyāṃ viharati sma jetavane anāthapiṇḍadasya ārāme . tatra khalu bhagavān bhikṣūn āmantrayata — bhikṣavaḥ iti .

bhadanta iti te bhikṣavaḥ bhagavataḥ pratyaśrauṣuḥ . bhagavān etad avocat —

adhicittamanuyuktena, bhikṣavaḥ, bhikṣuṇā pañca nimittāni kāle kāle manasi kartavyāni . katamāni pañca ?

iha, bhikṣavaḥ, bhikṣoḥ yat nimittam ālambya yat nimittaṃ manasikurvataḥ utpadyante pāpakāḥ akuśalāḥ vitarkāḥ chandopasaṃhitāḥ dveṣopasaṃhitāḥ mohopasaṃhitāḥ ca, tena, bhikṣavaḥ, bhikṣuṇā tasmāt nimittāt anyat nimittaṃ manasi kartavyaṃ kuśalopasaṃhitam . tasya tasmāt nimittāt anyat nimittaṃ manasikurvataḥ kuśalopasaṃhitaṃ ye pāpakāḥ akuśalāḥ vitarkāḥ chandopasaṃhitāḥ dveṣopasaṃhitāḥ mohopasaṃhitāḥ ca te prahīyante te abhi astaṃ gacchanti . teṣāṃ prahāṇāt adhyātmam eva cittaṃ saṃtiṣṭhate saṃniṣīdati ekāgrī bhavati samādhīyate . tadyathā api, bhikṣavaḥ, dakṣaḥ palagaṇḍaḥ vā palagaṇḍāntevāsī vā sūkṣmayā āṇyā audārikām āṇim abhinihanyāt abhinirharet uddharet; evam eva khalu, bhikṣavaḥ, bhikṣoḥ yat nimittam ālambya yat nimittaṃ manasikurvataḥ utpadyante pāpakāḥ akuśalāḥ vitarkāḥ chandopasaṃhitāḥ dveṣopasaṃhitāḥ mohopasaṃhitāḥ ca, tena, bhikṣavaḥ, bhikṣuṇā tasmāt nimittāt anyat nimittaṃ manasi kartavyaṃ kuśalopasaṃhitam . tasya tasmāt nimittāt anyat nimittaṃ manasikurvataḥ kuśalopasaṃhitaṃ ye pāpakāḥ akuśalāḥ vitarkāḥ chandopasaṃhitāḥ dveṣopasaṃhitāḥ mohopasaṃhitāḥ ca te prahīyante te abhi astaṃ gacchanti . teṣāṃ prahāṇāt adhyātmam eva cittaṃ saṃtiṣṭhate saṃniṣīdati ekāgrī bhavati samādhīyate .

tasya cet, bhikṣavaḥ, bhikṣoḥ tasmāt nimittāt anyat nimittaṃ manasikurvataḥ kuśalopasaṃhitam utpadyante eva pāpakāḥ akuśalāḥ vitarkāḥ chandopasaṃhitāḥ dveṣopasaṃhitāḥ mohopasaṃhitāḥ ca, tena, bhikṣavaḥ, bhikṣuṇā teṣāṃ vitarkāṇām ādīnavaḥ upaparīkṣitavyaḥ — ime vitarkāḥ akuśalāḥ, ime vitarkāḥ sāvadyāḥ, ime vitarkāḥ duḥkhavipākāḥ iti . tasya teṣāṃ vitarkāṇām ādīnavam upaparīkṣamāṇasya ye pāpakāḥ akuśalāḥ vitarkāḥ chandopasaṃhitāḥ dveṣopasaṃhitāḥ mohopasaṃhitāḥ ca te prahīyante te abhi astaṃ gacchanti . teṣāṃ prahāṇāt adhyātmam eva cittaṃ saṃtiṣṭhate saṃniṣīdati ekāgrī bhavati samādhīyate . tadyathā api, bhikṣavaḥ, strīpuruṣau vā daharaḥ yuvā maṇḍanakajātikaḥ ahikuṇapena vā kukkurakuṇapena vā manuṣyakuṇapena vā kaṇṭhe āsaktena ārtaḥ bhavet jihrīyāt jugupseta ; evam eva khalu, bhikṣavaḥ, tasya cet bhikṣoḥ tasmāt api nimittāt anyat nimittaṃ manasikurvataḥ kuśalopasaṃhitam utpadyante eva pāpakāḥ akuśalāḥ vitarkāḥ chandopasaṃhitāḥ dveṣopasaṃhitāḥ mohopasaṃhitāḥ ca, tena, bhikṣavaḥ, bhikṣuṇā teṣāṃ vitarkāṇām ādīnavaḥ upaparīkṣitavyaḥ — ime vitarkāḥ akuśalāḥ, api ime vitarkāḥ sāvadyāḥ, api ime vitarkāḥ duḥkhavipākāḥ iti . tasya teṣāṃ vitarkāṇām ādīnavam upaparīkṣamāṇasya ye pāpakāḥ akuśalāḥ vitarkāḥ chandopasaṃhitāḥ dveṣopasaṃhitāḥ mohopasaṃhitāḥ ca te prahīyante te abhi astaṃ gacchanti . teṣāṃ prahāṇāt adhyātmam eva cittaṃ saṃtiṣṭhate saṃniṣīdati ekāgrī bhavati samādhīyate .

tasya cet, bhikṣavaḥ, bhikṣoḥ teṣām api vitarkāṇām ādīnavam upaparīkṣamāṇasya utpadyante eva pāpakāḥ akuśalāḥ vitarkāḥ chandopasaṃhitāḥ dveṣopasaṃhitāḥ mohopasaṃhitāḥ ca, tena, bhikṣavaḥ, bhikṣuṇā teṣāṃ vitarkāṇām asmṛtimanasikāraḥ āpattavyaḥ . tasya teṣāṃ vitarkāṇām asmṛtimanasikāram āpadyamānasya ye pāpakāḥ akuśalāḥ vitarkāḥ chandopasaṃhitāḥ dveṣopasaṃhitāḥ mohopasaṃhitāḥ ca te prahīyante te abhi astaṃ gacchanti . teṣāṃ prahāṇāt adhyātmam eva cittaṃ saṃtiṣṭhate saṃniṣīdati ekāgrī bhavati samādhīyate . tadyathā api, bhikṣavaḥ, cakṣuṣmān puruṣaḥ āpāthagatānāṃ rūpāṇām adarśanakāmaḥ syāt ; saḥ nimīlayet vā anyatra vā apalokayet ; evam eva khalu, bhikṣavaḥ, tasya cet bhikṣoḥ teṣām api vitarkāṇām ādīnavam upaparīkṣamāṇasya utpadyante eva pāpakāḥ akuśalāḥ vitarkāḥ chandopasaṃhitāḥ dveṣopasaṃhitāḥ mohopasaṃhitāḥ ca, te prahīyante te abhi astaṃ gacchanti . teṣāṃ prahāṇāt adhyātmam eva cittaṃ saṃtiṣṭhate saṃniṣīdati ekāgrī bhavati samādhīyate .

tasya cet, bhikṣavaḥ, bhikṣoḥ teṣām api vitarkāṇām asmṛtimanasikāram āpadyamānasya utpadyante eva pāpakāḥ akuśalāḥ vitarkāḥ chandopasaṃhitāḥ dveṣopasaṃhitāḥ mohopasaṃhitāḥ ca, tena, bhikṣavaḥ, bhikṣuṇā teṣāṃ vitarkāṇāṃ vitarkasaṃskāraśamanaṃ manasi kartavyam . tasya teṣāṃ vitarkāṇāṃ vitarkasaṃskāraśamanaṃ manasikurvataḥ ye pāpakāḥ akuśalāḥ vitarkāḥ chandopasaṃhitāḥ dveṣopasaṃhitāḥ mohopasaṃhitāḥ ca te prahīyante te abhi astaṃ gacchanti . teṣāṃ prahāṇāt adhyātmam eva cittaṃ saṃtiṣṭhate saṃniṣīdati ekāgrī bhavati samādhīyate . tadyathā api, bhikṣavaḥ, puruṣaḥ śīghraṃ gacchet . tasya evam syāt — kiṃ nu khalu ahaṃ śīghraṃ gacchāmi ? yat nūnam ahaṃ śanaiḥ gaccheyam iti . saḥ śanaiḥ gacchet . tasya evam syāt — kiṃ nu khalu ahaṃ śanaiḥ gacchāmi ? yat nūnam ahaṃ tiṣṭheyam iti . saḥ tiṣṭhet . tasya evam syāt — kiṃ nu khalu ahaṃ sthitaḥ ? yat nūnam ahaṃ niṣīdeyam iti . saḥ niṣīdet . tasya evam syāt — kiṃ nu khalu ahaṃ niṣaṇṇaḥ ? yat nūnam ahaṃ nipadyeya iti . saḥ nipadyeta . evam hi saḥ, bhikṣavaḥ, puruṣaḥ audārikam audārikam īryāpatham abhinivarjya sūkṣmaṃ sūkṣmam īryāpathaṃ kalpayet .

evam eva khalu, bhikṣavaḥ, tasya cet bhikṣoḥ teṣām api vitarkāṇām asmṛtimanasikāram āpadyamānasya utpadyante eva pāpakāḥ akuśalāḥ vitarkāḥ chandopasaṃhitāḥ dveṣopasaṃhitāḥ mohopasaṃhitāḥ ca te prahīyante te abhi astaṃ gacchanti . teṣāṃ prahāṇāt adhyātmam eva cittaṃ saṃtiṣṭhate saṃniṣīdati ekāgrī bhavati samādhīyate .

tasya cet, bhikṣavaḥ, bhikṣoḥ teṣām api vitarkāṇāṃ vitarkasaṃskāraśamanaṃ manasikurvataḥ utpadyante eva pāpakāḥ akuśalāḥ vitarkāḥ chandopasaṃhitāḥ dveṣopasaṃhitāḥ mohopasaṃhitāḥ ca . tena, bhikṣavaḥ, bhikṣuṇā dantaiḥ dantam ādhāya jihvayā tālu āhatya cetasā cittam abhinigrahītavyam abhinipīḍayitavyam abhisaṃtāpayitavyam . tasya dantaiḥ dantam ādhāya jihvayā tālu āhatya cetasā cittam abhinigṛhṇataḥ abhinipīḍayataḥ abhisaṃtāpayataḥ ye pāpakāḥ akuśalāḥ vitarkāḥ chandopasaṃhitāḥ dveṣopasaṃhitāḥ mohopasaṃhitāḥ ca te prahīyante te abhi astaṃ gacchanti . teṣāṃ prahāṇāt adhyātmam eva cittaṃ saṃtiṣṭhate saṃniṣīdati ekāgrī bhavati samādhīyate . tadyathā api, bhikṣavaḥ, balavān puruṣaḥ durbalataraṃ puruṣaṃ śīrṣe vā gale vā skandhe vā gṛhītvā abhinigṛhṇīyāt abhinipīḍayet abhisaṃtāpayet ; evam eva khalu, bhikṣavaḥ, tasya cet bhikṣoḥ teṣām api vitarkāṇāṃ vitarkasaṃskāraśamanaṃ manasikurvataḥ utpadyante eva pāpakāḥ akuśalāḥ vitarkāḥ chandopasaṃhitāḥ dveṣopasaṃhitāḥ mohopasaṃhitāḥ ca . tena, bhikṣavaḥ, bhikṣuṇā dantaiḥ dantam ādhāya jihvayā tālu āhatya cetasā cittam abhinigrahītavyam abhinipīḍayitavyam abhisaṃtāpayitavyam . tasya dantaiḥ dantam ādhāya jihvayā tālu āhatya cetasā cittam abhinigṛhṇataḥ abhinipīḍayataḥ abhisaṃtāpayataḥ ye pāpakāḥ akuśalāḥ vitarkāḥ chandopasaṃhitāḥ dveṣopasaṃhitāḥ mohopasaṃhitāḥ ca te prahīyante te abhi astaṃ gacchanti . teṣāṃ prahāṇāt adhyātmam eva cittaṃ saṃtiṣṭhate saṃniṣīdati ekāgrī bhavati samādhīyate .

yataḥ khalu, bhikṣavaḥ, bhikṣoḥ yat nimittam ālambya yat nimittaṃ manasikurvataḥ utpadyante pāpakāḥ akuśalāḥ vitarkāḥ chandopasaṃhitāḥ dveṣopasaṃhitāḥ mohopasaṃhitāḥ ca, tasya tasmāt nimittāt anyat nimittaṃ manasikurvataḥ kuśalopasaṃhitaṃ ye pāpakāḥ akuśalāḥ vitarkāḥ chandopasaṃhitāḥ dveṣopasaṃhitāḥ mohopasaṃhitāḥ ca te prahīyante te abhi astaṃ gacchanti . teṣāṃ prahāṇāt adhyātmam eva cittaṃ saṃtiṣṭhate saṃniṣīdati ekāgrī bhavati samādhīyate . teṣām api vitarkāṇām ādīnavam upaparīkṣamāṇasya ye pāpakāḥ akuśalāḥ vitarkāḥ chandopasaṃhitāḥ dveṣopasaṃhitāḥ mohopasaṃhitāḥ ca te prahīyante te abhi astaṃ gacchanti . teṣāṃ prahāṇāt adhyātmam eva cittaṃ saṃtiṣṭhate saṃniṣīdati ekāgrī bhavati samādhīyate . teṣām api vitarkāṇām asmṛtimanasikāram āpadyamānasya ye pāpakāḥ akuśalāḥ vitarkāḥ chandopasaṃhitāḥ dveṣopasaṃhitāḥ mohopasaṃhitāḥ ca te prahīyante te abhi astaṃ gacchanti . teṣāṃ prahāṇāt adhyātmam eva cittaṃ saṃtiṣṭhate saṃniṣīdati ekāgrī bhavati samādhīyate . teṣām api vitarkāṇāṃ vitarkasaṃskāraśamanaṃ manasikurvataḥ ye pāpakāḥ akuśalāḥ vitarkāḥ chandopasaṃhitāḥ dveṣopasaṃhitāḥ mohopasaṃhitāḥ ca te prahīyante te abhi astaṃ gacchanti . teṣāṃ prahāṇāt adhyātmam eva cittaṃ saṃtiṣṭhate saṃniṣīdati ekāgrī bhavati samādhīyate . dantābhyāṃ dantam ādhāya jihvayā tālu āhatya cetasā cittam abhinigṛhṇataḥ abhinipīḍayataḥ abhisaṃtāpayataḥ ye pāpakāḥ akuśalāḥ vitarkāḥ chandopasaṃhitāḥ dveṣopasaṃhitāḥ mohopasaṃhitāḥ ca te prahīyante te abhi astaṃ gacchanti . teṣāṃ prahāṇāt adhyātmam eva cittaṃ saṃtiṣṭhate saṃniṣīdati ekāgrī bhavati samādhīyate . ayam ucyate, bhikṣavaḥ, bhikṣuḥ vaśī vitarkaparyāyapatheṣu . yaṃ vitarkam ākāṅkṣiṣyati taṃ vitarkaṃ vitarkayiṣyati, yaṃ vitarkaṃ na ākāṅkṣiṣyati na taṃ vitarkaṃ vitarkayiṣyati . acchaitsīt tṛṣṇām, vyavīvṛtat saṃyojanam, samyak mānābhisamayāt antam akārṣīt duḥkhasya iti .

idam avocat bhagavān . āttamanasaḥ te bhikṣavaḥ bhagavataḥ bhāṣitam abhyanandiṣuḥ .

vitarkasaṃsthānasūtraṃ niṣṭhitaṃ daśamam .

siṃhanādavargaḥ niṣṭhitaḥ dvitīyaḥ .