MĀ 29 mahākauṣṭhilasūtram

[Translated originally from the Sanskrit Sarvāstivāda Madhyamāgama to Classical Chinese by a team led by Sarvāstivāda scholar Gautama Saṃghadeva of Kāśmīra in 398CE.
Translated from the Chinese Taisho Tripiṭaka back to Sanskrit by Ramakrishnan Suryanarayanan in 2024-26.]

madhyamāgame śāriputrasaṃyuktavarge mahākauṣṭhilasūtraṃ navamam.

evaṃ mayā śrutam. ekasminsamaye bhagavānrājagṛhe viharati sma veṇuvane kalandakanivāpe.

atha khalvāyuṣmāñchāriputraḥ sāyāhnasamaye pratisaṃlayanādvyutthāya yenāyuṣmān mahākauṣṭhilastenopajagāma. upetyāyuṣmatā mahākauṣṭhilena sārdhaṃ sammodanīṃ saṃrañjanīṃ kathāṃ vyatisāryaikānte nyaṣīdat.

ekāntaniṣaṇṇa āyuṣmāñchāriputra āyuṣmantaṃ mahākauṣṭhilamidamavocat—ākaṅkṣāmyahamāyuṣman mahākauṣṭhila, kiñcit praṣṭum, sacedbhavānanujānīyātpraśnavyākaraṇāya.

āyuṣmān mahākauṣṭhilo'vocat—pṛcchāyuṣmañchāriputra, śrutvā jñāsyāma iti.

āyuṣmāñchāriputro'pṛcchat—kimastyāyuṣman mahākauṣṭhila, sa paryāyo yena paryāyeṇa bhikṣuḥ sampannadṛṣṭirbhavati, labhate samyagdṛṣṭim, dharme'vetyaprasādena samanvāgato bhavatyavatīrṇo'sminsaddharme iti?

āyuṣmān mahākauṣṭhilo'vocat—astyāyuṣmañchāriputra. yataḥ khalvāyuṣman, bhikṣurakuśalaṃ prajānāti, akuśalamūlaṃ prajānāti. katamaccāyuṣman, akuśalam? kāyaduścaritamakuśalam, vāgduścaritamakuśalam, manoduścaritamakuśalam, idamucyate'kuśalam. katamaccāyuṣman, akuśalamūlam? lobho'kuśalamūlam, dveṣo'kuśalamūlam, moho'kuśalamūlam, idamucyate'kuśalamūlam. āyuṣmañchāriputra, yataḥ khalu bhikṣurevamakuśalaṃ prajānāti, evamakuśalamūlaṃ prajānāti, sa evaṃ bhikṣuḥ sampannadṛṣṭirbhavati, labhate samyagdṛṣṭim, dharme'vetyaprasādena samanvāgato bhavatyavatīrṇo'sminsaddharme.

āyuṣmāñchāriputraḥ śrutvā, sādhu sādhvāyuṣman mahākauṣṭhileti praśaśya, pramudito'bhyanandat.

āyuṣmāñchāriputraḥ punarapṛcchat—kimastyāyuṣman mahākauṣṭhilānyo'pi paryāyo yena paryāyeṇa bhikṣuḥ sampannadṛṣṭirbhavati, labhate samyagdṛṣṭim, dharme'vetyaprasādena samanvāgato bhavatyavatīrṇo'sminsaddharme iti?

āyuṣmān mahākauṣṭhilo'vocat—astyāyuṣmañchāriputra. yataḥ khalvāyuṣman, bhikṣuḥ kuśalaṃ prajānāti, kuśalamūlaṃ prajānāti. katamaccāyuṣman, kuśalam? kāyasucaritaṃ kuśalam, vāksucaritaṃ kuśalam, manaḥsucaritaṃ kuśalam, idamucyate kuśalam. katamaccāyuṣman, kuśalamūlam? alobhaḥ kuśalamūlam, adveṣaḥ kuśalamūlam, amohaḥ kuśalamūlam, idamucyate kuśalamūlam. āyuṣmañchāriputra, yataḥ khalu bhikṣurevaṃ kuśalaṃ prajānāti, evaṃ kuśalamūlaṃ prajānāti, sa evaṃ bhikṣuḥ sampannadṛṣṭirbhavati, labhate samyagdṛṣṭim, dharme'vetyaprasādena samanvāgato bhavatyavatīrṇo'sminsaddharme.

āyuṣmāñchāriputraḥ śrutvā, sādhu sādhvāyuṣman mahākauṣṭhileti praśaśya, pramudito'bhyanandat.

āyuṣmāñchāriputraḥ punarapṛcchat—kimastyāyuṣman mahākauṣṭhilānyo'pi paryāyo yena paryāyeṇa bhikṣuḥ sampannadṛṣṭirbhavati, labhate samyagdṛṣṭim, dharme'vetyaprasādena samanvāgato bhavatyavatīrṇo'sminsaddharme iti?

āyuṣmān mahākauṣṭhilo'vocat—astyāyuṣmañchāriputra. yataḥ khalvāyuṣman, bhikṣurāhāraṃ yathābhūtaṃ prajānāti, āhārasamudayaṃ yathābhūtaṃ prajānāti, āhāranirodhaṃ yathābhūtaṃ prajānāti, āhāranirodhagāminīṃ pratipadaṃ yathābhūtaṃ prajānāti. kathañcāyuṣman, āhāraṃ yathābhūtaṃ prajānāti? catvāra ime'hārāḥ. katame catvāraḥ? kavaḍīkāro'hāra audārikaḥ sūkṣmo vā prathamaḥ, sparśāhāro dvitīyaḥ, manaḥsañcetanāhāras tṛtīyaḥ, vijñānāhāraścaturthaḥ, ityāhāraṃ yathābhūtaṃ prajānāti. kathañcāyuṣman, āhārasamudayaṃ yathābhūtaṃ prajānāti? tṛṣṇāsamudayādāhārasamudayaḥ, ityāhārasamudayaṃ yathābhūtaṃ prajānāti. kathañcāyuṣman, āhāranirodhaṃ yathābhūtaṃ prajānāti? tṛṣṇānirodhādāhāranirodhaḥ, ityāhāranirodhaṃ yathābhūtaṃ prajānāti. kathañcāyuṣman, āhāranirodhagāminīṃ pratipadaṃ yathābhūtaṃ prajānāti? ayameva cāryāṣṭāṅgiko mārgaḥ, tadyathā—samyagdṛṣṭiryāvatsamyaksamādhirityaṣṭau, ityāhāranirodhagāminīṃ pratipadaṃ yathābhūtaṃ prajānāti. āyuṣmañchāriputra, yataḥ khalu bhikṣurevamāhāraṃ yathābhūtaṃ prajānāti, āhārasamudayaṃ yathābhūtaṃ prajānāti, āhāranirodhaṃ yathābhūtaṃ prajānāti, āhāranirodhagāminīṃ pratipadaṃ yathābhūtaṃ prajānāti, sa evaṃ bhikṣuḥ sampannadṛṣṭirbhavati, labhate samyagdṛṣṭim, dharme'vetyaprasādena samanvāgato bhavatyavatīrṇo'sminsaddharme.

āyuṣmāñchāriputraḥ śrutvā, sādhu sādhvāyuṣman mahākauṣṭhileti praśaśya, pramudito'bhyanandat.

āyuṣmāñchāriputraḥ punarapṛcchat—kimastyāyuṣman mahākauṣṭhilānyo'pi paryāyo yena paryāyeṇa bhikṣuḥ sampannadṛṣṭirbhavati, labhate samyagdṛṣṭim, dharme'vetyaprasādena samanvāgato bhavatyavatīrṇo'sminsaddharme iti?

āyuṣmān mahākauṣṭhilo'vocat—astyāyuṣmañchāriputra. yataḥ khalvāyuṣman, bhikṣurāsravaṃ yathābhūtaṃ prajānāti, āsravasamudayaṃ yathābhūtaṃ prajānāti, āsravanirodhaṃ yathābhūtaṃ prajānāti, āsravanirodhagāminīṃ pratipadaṃ yathābhūtaṃ prajānāti. kathañcāyuṣman, āsravaṃ yathābhūtaṃ prajānāti? traya ime'sravāḥ. kāmāsravo bhavāsravo'vidyāsravaśca, ityāsravaṃ yathābhūtaṃ prajānāti. kathañcāyuṣman, āsravasamudayaṃ yathābhūtaṃ prajānāti? avidyāsamudayādāsravasamudayaḥ, ityāsravasamudayaṃ yathābhūtaṃ prajānāti. kathañcāyuṣman, āsravanirodhaṃ yathābhūtaṃ prajānāti? avidyānirodhādāsravanirodhaḥ, ityāsravanirodhaṃ yathābhūtaṃ prajānāti. kathañcāyuṣman, āsravanirodhagāminīṃ pratipadaṃ yathābhūtaṃ prajānāti? ayameva cāryāṣṭāṅgiko mārgaḥ, tadyathā—samyagdṛṣṭiryāvatsamyaksamādhirityaṣṭau, ityāsravanirodhagāminīṃ pratipadaṃ yathābhūtaṃ prajānāti. āyuṣmañchāriputra, yataḥ khalu bhikṣurevamāsravaṃ yathābhūtaṃ prajānāti, āsravasamudayaṃ yathābhūtaṃ prajānāti, āsravanirodhaṃ yathābhūtaṃ prajānāti, āsravanirodhagāminīṃ pratipadaṃ yathābhūtaṃ prajānāti, sa evaṃ bhikṣuḥ sampannadṛṣṭirbhavati, labhate samyagdṛṣṭim, dharme'vetyaprasādena samanvāgato bhavatyavatīrṇo'sminsaddharme.

āyuṣmāñchāriputraḥ śrutvā, sādhu sādhvāyuṣman mahākauṣṭhileti praśaśya, pramudito'bhyanandat.

āyuṣmāñchāriputraḥ punarapṛcchat—kimastyāyuṣman mahākauṣṭhilānyo'pi paryāyo yena paryāyeṇa bhikṣuḥ sampannadṛṣṭirbhavati, labhate samyagdṛṣṭim, dharme'vetyaprasādena samanvāgato bhavatyavatīrṇo'sminsaddharme iti?

āyuṣmān mahākauṣṭhilo'vocat—astyāyuṣmañchāriputra. yataḥ khalvāyuṣman, bhikṣurduḥkhaṃ yathābhūtaṃ prajānāti, duḥkhasamudayaṃ yathābhūtaṃ prajānāti, duḥkhanirodhaṃ yathābhūtaṃ prajānāti, duḥkhanirodhagāminīṃ pratipadaṃ yathābhūtaṃ prajānāti. kathañcāyuṣman, duḥkhaṃ yathābhūtaṃ prajānāti? jātirapi duḥkham, jarāpi duḥkham, vyādhirapi duḥkham, maraṇamapi duḥkham, apriyasamprayogo'pi duḥkham, priyaviprayogo'pi duḥkham, yadicchanna labhate tadapi duḥkham, saṅkṣepeṇa pañcopādānaskandhā duḥkham, iti duḥkhaṃ yathābhūtaṃ prajānāti. kathañcāyuṣman, duḥkhasamudayaṃ yathābhūtaṃ prajānāti? jarāmaraṇasamudayādduḥkhasamudayaḥ, iti duḥkhasamudayaṃ yathābhūtaṃ prajānāti. kathañcāyuṣman, duḥkhanirodhaṃ yathābhūtaṃ prajānāti? jarāmaraṇanirodhādduḥkhanirodhaḥ, iti duḥkhanirodhaṃ yathābhūtaṃ prajānāti. kathañcāyuṣman, duḥkhanirodhagāminīṃ pratipadaṃ yathābhūtaṃ prajānāti? ayameva cāryāṣṭāṅgiko mārgaḥ, tadyathā—samyagdṛṣṭiryāvatsamyaksamādhirityaṣṭau, iti duḥkhanirodhagāminīṃ pratipadaṃ yathābhūtaṃ prajānāti. āyuṣmañchāriputra, yataḥ khalu bhikṣurevaṃ duḥkhaṃ yathābhūtaṃ prajānāti, duḥkhasamudayaṃ yathābhūtaṃ prajānāti, duḥkhanirodhaṃ yathābhūtaṃ prajānāti, duḥkhanirodhagāminīṃ pratipadaṃ yathābhūtaṃ prajānāti, sa evaṃ bhikṣuḥ sampannadṛṣṭirbhavati, labhate samyagdṛṣṭim, dharme'vetyaprasādena samanvāgato bhavatyavatīrṇo'sminsaddharme.

āyuṣmāñchāriputraḥ śrutvā, sādhu sādhvāyuṣman mahākauṣṭhileti praśaśya, pramudito'bhyanandat.

āyuṣmāñchāriputraḥ punarapṛcchat—kimastyāyuṣman mahākauṣṭhilānyo'pi paryāyo yena paryāyeṇa bhikṣuḥ sampannadṛṣṭirbhavati, labhate samyagdṛṣṭim, dharme'vetyaprasādena samanvāgato bhavatyavatīrṇo'sminsaddharme iti?

āyuṣmān mahākauṣṭhilo'vocat—astyāyuṣmañchāriputra. yataḥ khalvāyuṣman, bhikṣurjarāmaraṇaṃ yathābhūtaṃ prajānāti, jarāmaraṇasamudayaṃ yathābhūtaṃ prajānāti, jarāmaraṇanirodhaṃ yathābhūtaṃ prajānāti, jarāmaraṇanirodhagāminīṃ pratipadaṃ yathābhūtaṃ prajānāti. kathañcāyuṣman, jarāmaraṇaṃ yathābhūtaṃ prajānāti? katamā cāyuṣman, jarā? yā sā teṣāṃ teṣāṃ sattvānāṃ tasmiṃstasmin sattvanikāye jarā jīrṇatā mahallakatā palitakeśatā khaṇḍadantatā yauvanasyāntardhānaṃ kāyasyāvanāmaḥ khañjatā gurukāyatā ūrdhvaśvāso daṇḍāvaṣṭabdhatā kārśyaṃ valīpracuratā tilakāhatagātratā indriyāṇāṃ paripāko durvarṇatā ca, iyamucyate jarā. katamañcāyuṣman, maraṇam? yā teṣāṃ teṣāṃ sattvānāṃ tasmiṃstasmin sattvanikāye cyutiścyavanatā bhedo'ntardhānamāyuṣo hāniḥ skandhānāṃ bhedo maraṇaṃ kālakriyā jīvitendriyasyoparamaḥ, idamucyate maraṇam. iti yā ceyaṃ jarā yaccidaṃ maraṇam, idamucyate jarāmaraṇam. iti jarāmaraṇaṃ yathābhūtaṃ prajānāti. kathañcāyuṣman, jarāmaraṇasamudayaṃ yathābhūtaṃ prajānāti? jātisamudayājjarāmaraṇasamudayaḥ, iti jarāmaraṇasamudayaṃ yathābhūtaṃ prajānāti. kathañcāyuṣman, jarāmaraṇanirodhaṃ yathābhūtaṃ prajānāti? jātinirodhājjarāmaraṇanirodhaḥ, iti jarāmaraṇanirodhaṃ yathābhūtaṃ prajānāti. kathañcāyuṣman, jarāmaraṇanirodhagāminīṃ pratipadaṃ yathābhūtaṃ prajānāti? ayameva cāryāṣṭāṅgiko mārgaḥ, tadyathā—samyagdṛṣṭiryāvatsamyaksamādhirityaṣṭau, iti jarāmaraṇanirodhagāminīṃ pratipadaṃ yathābhūtaṃ prajānāti. āyuṣmañchāriputra, yataḥ khalu bhikṣurevaṃ jarāmaraṇaṃ yathābhūtaṃ prajānāti, jarāmaraṇasamudayaṃ yathābhūtaṃ prajānāti, jarāmaraṇanirodhaṃ yathābhūtaṃ prajānāti, jarāmaraṇanirodhagāminīṃ pratipadaṃ yathābhūtaṃ prajānāti, sa evaṃ bhikṣuḥ sampannadṛṣṭirbhavati, labhate samyagdṛṣṭim, dharme'vetyaprasādena samanvāgato bhavatyavatīrṇo'sminsaddharme.

āyuṣmāñchāriputraḥ śrutvā, sādhu sādhvāyuṣman mahākauṣṭhileti praśaśya, pramudito'bhyanandat.

āyuṣmāñchāriputraḥ punarapṛcchat—kimastyāyuṣman mahākauṣṭhilānyo'pi paryāyo yena paryāyeṇa bhikṣuḥ sampannadṛṣṭirbhavati, labhate samyagdṛṣṭim, dharme'vetyaprasādena samanvāgato bhavatyavatīrṇo'sminsaddharme iti?

āyuṣmān mahākauṣṭhilo'vocat—astyāyuṣmañchāriputra. yataḥ khalvāyuṣman, bhikṣurjātiṃ yathābhūtaṃ prajānāti, jātisamudayaṃ yathābhūtaṃ prajānāti, jātinirodhaṃ yathābhūtaṃ prajānāti, jātinirodhagāminīṃ pratipadaṃ yathābhūtaṃ prajānāti. kathañcāyuṣman, jātiṃ yathābhūtaṃ prajānāti? yā teṣāṃ teṣāṃ sattvānāṃ tasmiṃstasmin sattvanikāye jātissañjātiravakrāntirabhinirvṛttiḥ skandhānāṃ prādurbhāvo jīvitendriyasya pratilābhaḥ, iti jātiṃ yathābhūtaṃ prajānāti. kathañcāyuṣman, jātisamudayaṃ yathābhūtaṃ prajānāti? bhavasamudayājjātisamudayaḥ, iti jātisamudayaṃ yathābhūtaṃ prajānāti. kathañcāyuṣman, jātinirodhaṃ yathābhūtaṃ prajānāti? bhavanirodhājjātinirodhaḥ, iti jātinirodhaṃ yathābhūtaṃ prajānāti. kathañcāyuṣman, jātinirodhagāminīṃ pratipadaṃ yathābhūtaṃ prajānāti? ayameva cāryāṣṭāṅgiko mārgaḥ, tadyathā—samyagdṛṣṭiryāvatsamyaksamādhirityaṣṭau, iti jātinirodhagāminīṃ pratipadaṃ yathābhūtaṃ prajānāti. āyuṣmañchāriputra, yataḥ khalu bhikṣurevaṃ jātiṃ yathābhūtaṃ prajānāti, jātisamudayaṃ yathābhūtaṃ prajānāti, jātinirodhaṃ yathābhūtaṃ prajānāti, jātinirodhagāminīṃ pratipadaṃ yathābhūtaṃ prajānāti, sa evaṃ bhikṣuḥ sampannadṛṣṭirbhavati, labhate samyagdṛṣṭim, dharme'vetyaprasādena samanvāgato bhavatyavatīrṇo'sminsaddharme.

āyuṣmāñchāriputraḥ śrutvā, sādhu sādhvāyuṣman mahākauṣṭhileti praśaśya, pramudito'bhyanandat.

āyuṣmāñchāriputraḥ punarapṛcchat—kimastyāyuṣman mahākauṣṭhilānyo'pi paryāyo yena paryāyeṇa bhikṣuḥ sampannadṛṣṭirbhavati, labhate samyagdṛṣṭim, dharme'vetyaprasādena samanvāgato bhavatyavatīrṇo'sminsaddharme iti?

āyuṣmān mahākauṣṭhilo'vocat—astyāyuṣmañchāriputra. yataḥ khalvāyuṣman, bhikṣurbhavaṃ yathābhūtaṃ prajānāti, bhavasamudayaṃ yathābhūtaṃ prajānāti, bhavanirodhaṃ yathābhūtaṃ prajānāti, bhavanirodhagāminīṃ pratipadaṃ yathābhūtaṃ prajānāti. kathañcāyuṣman, bhavaṃ yathābhūtaṃ prajānāti? trayo'mī bhavāḥ. kāmabhavo rūpabhava ārūpyabhavaśca, iti bhavaṃ yathābhūtaṃ prajānāti. kathañcāyuṣman, bhavasamudayaṃ yathābhūtaṃ prajānāti? upādānasamudayādbhavasamudayaḥ, iti bhavasamudayaṃ yathābhūtaṃ prajānāti. kathañcāyuṣman, bhavanirodhaṃ yathābhūtaṃ prajānāti? upādānanirodhādbhavanirodhaḥ, iti bhavanirodhaṃ yathābhūtaṃ prajānāti. kathañcāyuṣman, bhavanirodhagāminīṃ pratipadaṃ yathābhūtaṃ prajānāti? ayameva cāryāṣṭāṅgiko mārgaḥ, tadyathā—samyagdṛṣṭiryāvatsamyaksamādhirityaṣṭau, iti bhavanirodhagāminīṃ pratipadaṃ yathābhūtaṃ prajānāti. āyuṣmañchāriputra, yataḥ khalu bhikṣurevaṃ bhavaṃ yathābhūtaṃ prajānāti, bhavasamudayaṃ yathābhūtaṃ prajānāti, bhavanirodhaṃ yathābhūtaṃ prajānāti, bhavanirodhagāminīṃ pratipadaṃ yathābhūtaṃ prajānāti, sa evaṃ bhikṣuḥ sampannadṛṣṭirbhavati, labhate samyagdṛṣṭim, dharme'vetyaprasādena samanvāgato bhavatyavatīrṇo'sminsaddharme.

āyuṣmāñchāriputraḥ śrutvā, sādhu sādhvāyuṣman mahākauṣṭhileti praśaśya, pramudito'bhyanandat.

āyuṣmāñchāriputraḥ punarapṛcchat—kimastyāyuṣman mahākauṣṭhilānyo'pi paryāyo yena paryāyeṇa bhikṣuḥ sampannadṛṣṭirbhavati, labhate samyagdṛṣṭim, dharme'vetyaprasādena samanvāgato bhavatyavatīrṇo'sminsaddharme iti?

āyuṣmān mahākauṣṭhilo'vocat—astyāyuṣmañchāriputra. yataḥ khalvāyuṣman, bhikṣurupādānaṃ yathābhūtaṃ prajānāti, upādānasamudayaṃ yathābhūtaṃ prajānāti, upādānanirodhaṃ yathābhūtaṃ prajānāti, upādānanirodhagāminīṃ pratipadaṃ yathābhūtaṃ prajānāti. kathañcāyuṣman, upādānaṃ yathābhūtaṃ prajānāti? catvārimānyupādānāni. kāmopādānaṃ śīlavratopādānaṃ dṛṣṭyupādānamātmavādopādānaṃ ca, ityupādānaṃ yathābhūtaṃ prajānāti. kathañcāyuṣman, upādānasamudayaṃ yathābhūtaṃ prajānāti? tṛṣṇāsamudayādupādānasamudayaḥ, ityupādānasamudayaṃ yathābhūtaṃ prajānāti. kathañcāyuṣman, upādānanirodhaṃ yathābhūtaṃ prajānāti? tṛṣṇānirodhādupādānanirodhaḥ, ityupādānanirodhaṃ yathābhūtaṃ prajānāti. kathañcāyuṣman, upādānanirodhagāminīṃ pratipadaṃ yathābhūtaṃ prajānāti? ayameva cāryāṣṭāṅgiko mārgaḥ, tadyathā—samyagdṛṣṭiryāvatsamyaksamādhirityaṣṭau, ityupādānanirodhagāminīṃ pratipadaṃ yathābhūtaṃ prajānāti. āyuṣmañchāriputra, yataḥ khalu bhikṣurevamupādānaṃ yathābhūtaṃ prajānāti, upādānasamudayaṃ yathābhūtaṃ prajānāti, upādānanirodhaṃ yathābhūtaṃ prajānāti, upādānanirodhagāminīṃ pratipadaṃ yathābhūtaṃ prajānāti, sa evaṃ bhikṣuḥ sampannadṛṣṭirbhavati, labhate samyagdṛṣṭim, dharme'vetyaprasādena samanvāgato bhavatyavatīrṇo'sminsaddharme.

āyuṣmāñchāriputraḥ śrutvā, sādhu sādhvāyuṣman mahākauṣṭhileti praśaśya, pramudito'bhyanandat.

āyuṣmāñchāriputraḥ punarapṛcchat—kimastyāyuṣman mahākauṣṭhilānyo'pi paryāyo yena paryāyeṇa bhikṣuḥ sampannadṛṣṭirbhavati, labhate samyagdṛṣṭim, dharme'vetyaprasādena samanvāgato bhavatyavatīrṇo'sminsaddharme iti?

āyuṣmān mahākauṣṭhilo'vocat—astyāyuṣmañchāriputra. yataḥ khalvāyuṣman, bhikṣustṛṣṇāṃ yathābhūtaṃ prajānāti, tṛṣṇāsamudayaṃ yathābhūtaṃ prajānāti, tṛṣṇānirodhaṃ yathābhūtaṃ prajānāti, tṛṣṇānirodhagāminīṃ pratipadaṃ yathābhūtaṃ prajānāti. kathañcāyuṣman, tṛṣṇāṃ yathābhūtaṃ prajānāti? tisra imāstṛṣṇāḥ. kāmatṛṣṇā rūpatṛṣṇā ārūpyatṛṣṇā ca, iti tṛṣṇāṃ yathābhūtaṃ prajānāti. kathañcāyuṣman, tṛṣṇāsamudayaṃ yathābhūtaṃ prajānāti? vedanāsamudayāttṛṣṇāsamudayaḥ, iti tṛṣṇāsamudayaṃ yathābhūtaṃ prajānāti. kathañcāyuṣman, tṛṣṇānirodhaṃ yathābhūtaṃ prajānāti? vedanānirodhāttṛṣṇānirodhaḥ, iti tṛṣṇānirodhaṃ yathābhūtaṃ prajānāti. kathañcāyuṣman, tṛṣṇānirodhagāminīṃ pratipadaṃ yathābhūtaṃ prajānāti? ayameva cāryāṣṭāṅgiko mārgaḥ, tadyathā—samyagdṛṣṭiryāvatsamyaksamādhirityaṣṭau, iti tṛṣṇānirodhagāminīṃ pratipadaṃ yathābhūtaṃ prajānāti. āyuṣmañchāriputra, yataḥ khalu bhikṣurevaṃ tṛṣṇāṃ yathābhūtaṃ prajānāti, tṛṣṇāsamudayaṃ yathābhūtaṃ prajānāti, tṛṣṇānirodhaṃ yathābhūtaṃ prajānāti, tṛṣṇānirodhagāminīṃ pratipadaṃ yathābhūtaṃ prajānāti, sa evaṃ bhikṣuḥ sampannadṛṣṭirbhavati, labhate samyagdṛṣṭim, dharme'vetyaprasādena samanvāgato bhavatyavatīrṇo'sminsaddharme.

āyuṣmāñchāriputraḥ śrutvā, sādhu sādhvāyuṣman mahākauṣṭhileti praśaśya, pramudito'bhyanandat.

āyuṣmāñchāriputraḥ punarapṛcchat—kimastyāyuṣman mahākauṣṭhilānyo'pi paryāyo yena paryāyeṇa bhikṣuḥ sampannadṛṣṭirbhavati, labhate samyagdṛṣṭim, dharme'vetyaprasādena samanvāgato bhavatyavatīrṇo'sminsaddharme iti?

āyuṣmān mahākauṣṭhilo'vocat—astyāyuṣmañchāriputra. yataḥ khalvāyuṣman, bhikṣurvedanāṃ yathābhūtaṃ prajānāti, vedanāsamudayaṃ yathābhūtaṃ prajānāti, vedanānirodhaṃ yathābhūtaṃ prajānāti, vedanānirodhagāminīṃ pratipadaṃ yathābhūtaṃ prajānāti. kathañcāyuṣman, vedanāṃ yathābhūtaṃ prajānāti? tisra imā vedanāḥ. sukhā vedanā duḥkhā vedanā aduḥkhāsukhā vedanā ca, iti vedanāṃ yathābhūtaṃ prajānāti. kathañcāyuṣman, vedanāsamudayaṃ yathābhūtaṃ prajānāti? sparśasamudayādvedanāsamudayaḥ, iti vedanāsamudayaṃ yathābhūtaṃ prajānāti. kathañcāyuṣman, vedanānirodhaṃ yathābhūtaṃ prajānāti? sparśanirodhādvedanānirodhaḥ, iti vedanānirodhaṃ yathābhūtaṃ prajānāti. kathañcāyuṣman, vedanānirodhagāminīṃ pratipadaṃ yathābhūtaṃ prajānāti? ayameva cāryāṣṭāṅgiko mārgaḥ, tadyathā—samyagdṛṣṭiryāvatsamyaksamādhirityaṣṭau, iti vedanānirodhagāminīṃ pratipadaṃ yathābhūtaṃ prajānāti. āyuṣmañchāriputra, yataḥ khalu bhikṣurevaṃ vedanāṃ yathābhūtaṃ prajānāti, vedanāsamudayaṃ yathābhūtaṃ prajānāti, vedanānirodhaṃ yathābhūtaṃ prajānāti, vedanānirodhagāminīṃ pratipadaṃ yathābhūtaṃ prajānāti, sa evaṃ bhikṣuḥ sampannadṛṣṭirbhavati, labhate samyagdṛṣṭim, dharme'vetyaprasādena samanvāgato bhavatyavatīrṇo'sminsaddharme.

āyuṣmāñchāriputraḥ śrutvā, sādhu sādhvāyuṣman mahākauṣṭhileti praśaśya, pramudito'bhyanandat.

āyuṣmāñchāriputraḥ punarapṛcchat—kimastyāyuṣman mahākauṣṭhilānyo'pi paryāyo yena paryāyeṇa bhikṣuḥ sampannadṛṣṭirbhavati, labhate samyagdṛṣṭim, dharme'vetyaprasādena samanvāgato bhavatyavatīrṇo'sminsaddharme iti?

āyuṣmān mahākauṣṭhilo'vocat—astyāyuṣmañchāriputra. yataḥ khalvāyuṣman, bhikṣuḥ sparśaṃ yathābhūtaṃ prajānāti, sparśasamudayaṃ yathābhūtaṃ prajānāti, sparśanirodhaṃ yathābhūtaṃ prajānāti, sparśanirodhagāminīṃ pratipadaṃ yathābhūtaṃ prajānāti. kathañcāyuṣman, sparśaṃ yathābhūtaṃ prajānāti? traya ime sparśāḥ. sukhavedanīyaḥ sparśo duḥkhavedanīyaḥ sparśo'duḥkhāsukhavedanīyaḥ sparśaśca, iti sparśaṃ yathābhūtaṃ prajānāti. kathañcāyuṣman, sparśasamudayaṃ yathābhūtaṃ prajānāti? ṣaḍāyatanasamudayātsparśasamudayaḥ, iti sparśasamudayaṃ yathābhūtaṃ prajānāti. kathañcāyuṣman, sparśanirodhaṃ yathābhūtaṃ prajānāti? ṣaḍāyatananirodhātsparśanirodhaḥ, iti sparśanirodhaṃ yathābhūtaṃ prajānāti. kathañcāyuṣman, sparśanirodhagāminīṃ pratipadaṃ yathābhūtaṃ prajānāti? ayameva cāryāṣṭāṅgiko mārgaḥ, tadyathā—samyagdṛṣṭiryāvatsamyaksamādhirityaṣṭau, iti sparśanirodhagāminīṃ pratipadaṃ yathābhūtaṃ prajānāti. āyuṣmañchāriputra, yataḥ khalu bhikṣurevaṃ sparśaṃ yathābhūtaṃ prajānāti, sparśasamudayaṃ yathābhūtaṃ prajānāti, sparśanirodhaṃ yathābhūtaṃ prajānāti, sparśanirodhagāminīṃ pratipadaṃ yathābhūtaṃ prajānāti, sa evaṃ bhikṣuḥ sampannadṛṣṭirbhavati, labhate samyagdṛṣṭim, dharme'vetyaprasādena samanvāgato bhavatyavatīrṇo'sminsaddharme.

āyuṣmāñchāriputraḥ śrutvā, sādhu sādhvāyuṣman mahākauṣṭhileti praśaśya, pramudito'bhyanandat.

āyuṣmāñchāriputraḥ punarapṛcchat—kimastyāyuṣman mahākauṣṭhilānyo'pi paryāyo yena paryāyeṇa bhikṣuḥ sampannadṛṣṭirbhavati, labhate samyagdṛṣṭim, dharme'vetyaprasādena samanvāgato bhavatyavatīrṇo'sminsaddharme iti?

āyuṣmān mahākauṣṭhilo'vocat—astyāyuṣmañchāriputra. yataḥ khalvāyuṣman, bhikṣuḥ ṣaḍāyatanaṃ yathābhūtaṃ prajānāti, ṣaḍāyatanasamudayaṃ yathābhūtaṃ prajānāti, ṣaḍāyatananirodhaṃ yathābhūtaṃ prajānāti, ṣaḍāyatananirodhagāminīṃ pratipadaṃ yathābhūtaṃ prajānāti. kathañcāyuṣman, ṣaḍāyatanaṃ yathābhūtaṃ prajānāti? ṣaḍimānyādhyātmikānyāyatanāni. cakṣurāyatanaṃ śrotrāyatanaṃ ghrāṇāyatanaṃ jihvāyatanaṃ kāyāyatanaṃ manaāyatanaṃ ca, iti ṣaḍāyatanaṃ yathābhūtaṃ prajānāti. kathañcāyuṣman, ṣaḍāyatanasamudayaṃ yathābhūtaṃ prajānāti? nāmarūpasamudayātṣaḍāyatanasamudayaḥ, iti ṣaḍāyatanasamudayaṃ yathābhūtaṃ prajānāti. kathañcāyuṣman, ṣaḍāyatananirodhaṃ yathābhūtaṃ prajānāti? nāmarūpanirodhātṣaḍāyatananirodhaḥ, iti ṣaḍāyatananirodhaṃ yathābhūtaṃ prajānāti. kathañcāyuṣman, ṣaḍāyatananirodhagāminīṃ pratipadaṃ yathābhūtaṃ prajānāti? ayameva cāryāṣṭāṅgiko mārgaḥ, tadyathā—samyagdṛṣṭiryāvatsamyaksamādhirityaṣṭau, iti ṣaḍāyatananirodhagāminīṃ pratipadaṃ yathābhūtaṃ prajānāti. āyuṣmañchāriputra, yataḥ khalu bhikṣurevaṃ ṣaḍāyatanaṃ yathābhūtaṃ prajānāti, ṣaḍāyatanasamudayaṃ yathābhūtaṃ prajānāti, ṣaḍāyatananirodhaṃ yathābhūtaṃ prajānāti, ṣaḍāyatananirodhagāminīṃ pratipadaṃ yathābhūtaṃ prajānāti, sa evaṃ bhikṣuḥ sampannadṛṣṭirbhavati, labhate samyagdṛṣṭim, dharme'vetyaprasādena samanvāgato bhavatyavatīrṇo'sminsaddharme.

āyuṣmāñchāriputraḥ śrutvā, sādhu sādhvāyuṣman mahākauṣṭhileti praśaśya, pramudito'bhyanandat.

āyuṣmāñchāriputraḥ punarapṛcchat—kimastyāyuṣman mahākauṣṭhilānyo'pi paryāyo yena paryāyeṇa bhikṣuḥ sampannadṛṣṭirbhavati, labhate samyagdṛṣṭim, dharme'vetyaprasādena samanvāgato bhavatyavatīrṇo'sminsaddharme iti?

āyuṣmān mahākauṣṭhilo'vocat—astyāyuṣmañchāriputra. yataḥ khalvāyuṣman, bhikṣurnāmarūpaṃ yathābhūtaṃ prajānāti, nāmarūpasamudayaṃ yathābhūtaṃ prajānāti, nāmarūpanirodhaṃ yathābhūtaṃ prajānāti, nāmarūpanirodhagāminīṃ pratipadaṃ yathābhūtaṃ prajānāti. kathañcāyuṣman, nāmarūpaṃ yathābhūtaṃ prajānāti? katamaccāyuṣman, nāma? catvāro'rūpiṇaḥ skandhāḥ, idamucyate nāma. katamaccāyuṣman, rūpam? catvāri mahābhūtāni catvāri ca mahābhūtānyupādāya rūpam, idamucyate rūpam. iti yaccidaṃ rūpaṃ yaccidaṃ nāma, idamucyate nāmarūpam. iti nāmarūpaṃ yathābhūtaṃ prajānāti. kathañcāyuṣman, nāmarūpasamudayaṃ yathābhūtaṃ prajānāti? vijñānasamudayānnāmarūpasamudayaḥ, iti nāmarūpasamudayaṃ yathābhūtaṃ prajānāti. kathañcāyuṣman, nāmarūpanirodhaṃ yathābhūtaṃ prajānāti? vijñānanirodhānnāmarūpanirodhaḥ, iti nāmarūpanirodhaṃ yathābhūtaṃ prajānāti. kathañcāyuṣman, nāmarūpanirodhagāminīṃ pratipadaṃ yathābhūtaṃ prajānāti? ayameva cāryāṣṭāṅgiko mārgaḥ, tadyathā—samyagdṛṣṭiryāvatsamyaksamādhirityaṣṭau, iti nāmarūpanirodhagāminīṃ pratipadaṃ yathābhūtaṃ prajānāti. āyuṣmañchāriputra, yataḥ khalu bhikṣurevaṃ nāmarūpaṃ yathābhūtaṃ prajānāti, nāmarūpasamudayaṃ yathābhūtaṃ prajānāti, nāmarūpanirodhaṃ yathābhūtaṃ prajānāti, nāmarūpanirodhagāminīṃ pratipadaṃ yathābhūtaṃ prajānāti, sa evaṃ bhikṣuḥ sampannadṛṣṭirbhavati, labhate samyagdṛṣṭim, dharme'vetyaprasādena samanvāgato bhavatyavatīrṇo'sminsaddharme.

āyuṣmāñchāriputraḥ śrutvā, sādhu sādhvāyuṣman mahākauṣṭhileti praśaśya, pramudito'bhyanandat.

āyuṣmāñchāriputraḥ punarapṛcchat—kimastyāyuṣman mahākauṣṭhilānyo'pi paryāyo yena paryāyeṇa bhikṣuḥ sampannadṛṣṭirbhavati, labhate samyagdṛṣṭim, dharme'vetyaprasādena samanvāgato bhavatyavatīrṇo'sminsaddharme iti?

āyuṣmān mahākauṣṭhilo'vocat—astyāyuṣmañchāriputra. yataḥ khalvāyuṣman, bhikṣurvijñānaṃ yathābhūtaṃ prajānāti, vijñānasamudayaṃ yathābhūtaṃ prajānāti, vijñānanirodhaṃ yathābhūtaṃ prajānāti, vijñānanirodhagāminīṃ pratipadaṃ yathābhūtaṃ prajānāti. kathañcāyuṣman, vijñānaṃ yathābhūtaṃ prajānāti? ṣaḍime vijñānakāyāḥ. cakṣurvijñānaṃ śrotravijñānaṃ ghrāṇavijñānaṃ jihvāvijñānaṃ kāyavijñānaṃ manovijñānaṃ ca, iti vijñānaṃ yathābhūtaṃ prajānāti. kathañcāyuṣman, vijñānasamudayaṃ yathābhūtaṃ prajānāti? saṃskārasamudayādvijñānasamudayaḥ, iti vijñānasamudayaṃ yathābhūtaṃ prajānāti. kathañcāyuṣman, vijñānanirodhaṃ yathābhūtaṃ prajānāti? saṃskāranirodhādvijñānanirodhaḥ, iti vijñānanirodhaṃ yathābhūtaṃ prajānāti. kathañcāyuṣman, vijñānanirodhagāminīṃ pratipadaṃ yathābhūtaṃ prajānāti? ayameva cāryāṣṭāṅgiko mārgaḥ, tadyathā—samyagdṛṣṭiryāvatsamyaksamādhirityaṣṭau, iti vijñānanirodhagāminīṃ pratipadaṃ yathābhūtaṃ prajānāti. āyuṣmañchāriputra, yataḥ khalu bhikṣurevaṃ vijñānaṃ yathābhūtaṃ prajānāti, vijñānasamudayaṃ yathābhūtaṃ prajānāti, vijānanirodhaṃ yathābhūtaṃ prajānāti, vijñānanirodhagāminīṃ pratipadaṃ yathābhūtaṃ prajānāti, sa evaṃ bhikṣuḥ sampannadṛṣṭirbhavati, labhate samyagdṛṣṭim, dharme'vetyaprasādena samanvāgato bhavatyavatīrṇo'sminsaddharme.

āyuṣmāñchāriputraḥ śrutvā, sādhu sādhvāyuṣman mahākauṣṭhileti praśaśya, pramudito'bhyanandat.

āyuṣmāñchāriputraḥ punarapṛcchat—kimastyāyuṣman mahākauṣṭhilānyo'pi paryāyo yena paryāyeṇa bhikṣuḥ sampannadṛṣṭirbhavati, labhate samyagdṛṣṭim, dharme'vetyaprasādena samanvāgato bhavatyavatīrṇo'sminsaddharme iti?

āyuṣmān mahākauṣṭhilo'vocat—astyāyuṣmañchāriputra. yataḥ khalvāyuṣman, bhikṣursaṃskārānyathābhūtaṃ prajānāti, saṃskārasamudayaṃ yathābhūtaṃ prajānāti, saṃskāranirodhaṃ yathābhūtaṃ prajānāti, saṃskāranirodhagāminīṃ pratipadaṃ yathābhūtaṃ prajānāti. kathañcāyuṣman, saṃskārānyathābhūtaṃ prajānāti? trayo'mī saṃskārāḥ. kāyasaṃskāro vāksaṃskāro manaḥsaṃskāraśca, iti saṃskārānyathābhūtaṃ prajānāti. kathañcāyuṣman, saṃskārasamudayaṃ yathābhūtaṃ prajānāti? avidyāsamudayātsaṃskārasamudayaḥ, iti saṃskārasamudayaṃ yathābhūtaṃ prajānāti. kathañcāyuṣman, saṃskāranirodhaṃ yathābhūtaṃ prajānāti? avidyānirodhātsaṃskāranirodhaḥ, iti saṃskāranirodhaṃ yathābhūtaṃ prajānāti. kathañcāyuṣman, saṃskāranirodhagāminīṃ pratipadaṃ yathābhūtaṃ prajānāti? ayameva cāryāṣṭāṅgiko mārgaḥ, tadyathā—samyagdṛṣṭiryāvatsamyaksamādhirityaṣṭau, iti saṃskāranirodhagāminīṃ pratipadaṃ yathābhūtaṃ prajānāti. āyuṣmañchāriputra, yataḥ khalu bhikṣurevaṃ saṃskārānyathābhūtaṃ prajānāti, saṃskārasamudayaṃ yathābhūtaṃ prajānāti, saṃskāranirodhaṃ yathābhūtaṃ prajānāti, saṃskāranirodhagāminīṃ pratipadaṃ yathābhūtaṃ prajānāti, sa evaṃ bhikṣuḥ sampannadṛṣṭirbhavati, labhate samyagdṛṣṭim, dharme'vetyaprasādena samanvāgato bhavatyavatīrṇo'sminsaddharme.

āyuṣmāñchāriputraḥ śrutvā, sādhu sādhvāyuṣman mahākauṣṭhileti praśaśya, pramudito'bhyanandat.

āyuṣmāñchāriputraḥ punarapṛcchat—āyuṣman mahākauṣṭhila, yasya bhikṣoravidyā prahīṇā vidyotpannā, kimasya cottari karaṇīyamiti?

āyuṣmān mahākauṣṭhilo'vocat—āyuṣmañchāriputra, yasya bhikṣoravidyā prahīṇā vidyotpannā, nāstyasya kiñciduttari karaṇīyamiti.

āyuṣmāñchāriputraḥ śrutvā, sādhu sādhvāyuṣman mahākauṣṭhileti praśaśya, pramudito'bhyanandat.

evametau dvau mahānāgāvanyonyaṃ dharmyaṃ kathamāgamya, anyonyabhāṣitamabhinandyānumodyotthāyāsanātprakrāntau.

mahākauṣṭhilasūtraṃ navamaṃ samāptam.