MĀ 36 bhūmicālasūtram

[Translated originally from the Sanskrit Sarvāstivāda Madhyamāgama to Classical Chinese by a team led by Sarvāstivāda scholar Gautama Saṃghadeva of Kāśmīra in 398CE.
Translated from the Chinese Taisho Tripiṭaka back to Sanskrit by Ramakrishnan Suryanarayanan in 2024-26.]

madhyamāgame'dbhutadharmavarge bhūmicālasūtraṃ pañcamam.

evaṃ mayā śrutam. ekasmin samaye bhagavān vṛjiṣu viharati sma bhūmināmani nagare.

tasmin samaye mahābhūmicālo'bhūt. mahābhūmicāle sati caturdiśaṃ mahāvātā utthitāḥ, catasṛṣu dikṣu dhūmaketavaḥ prādurabhavan, gṛhaprākārāśca sarve prabhaṅgamagaman. athāyuṣmānānando mahābhūmicālaṃ dadarśa. mahābhūmicāle sati caturdiśaṃ mahāvātā utthitāḥ, catasṛṣu dikṣu dhūmaketavaḥ prādurabhavan, gṛhaprākārāśca sarve prabhaṅgamagaman. athāyuṣmānānandastaddṛṣṭvā bhītaḥ saṃvignaḥ sañjātahṛṣṭaromakūpo yena bhagavāṃstenopajagāma. upetya bhagavataḥ pādau śirasā vanditvaikānte'sthāt. ekāntasthita āyuṣmānānando bhagavantametadavocat—bhagavan, samprati mahābhūmicālo'bhūt. mahābhūmicāle sati caturdiśaṃ mahāvātā uttiṣṭhanti, catasṛṣu dikṣu dhūmaketavaḥ prādurbhavanti, gṛhaprākārāśca sarve prabhaṅgaṃ gacchanti.

evamukte bhagavānāyuṣmantamānandametadavocat—evametadānanda, evametadānanda. samprati mahābhūmicālo'bhūt. mahābhūmicāle sati caturdiśaṃ mahāvātā uttiṣṭhanti, catasṛṣu dikṣu dhūmaketavaḥ prādurbhavanti, gṛhaprākārāśca sarve prabhaṅgaṃ gacchanti.

āyuṣmānānando bhagavantametadavocat—kati nu bhagavan hetavaḥ kati pratyayā mahato bhūmicālasya prādurbhāvāya, yena mahābhūmicāle sati caturdiśaṃ mahāvātā uttiṣṭhanti, catasṛṣu dikṣu dhūmaketavaḥ prādurbhavanti, gṛhaprākārāśca sarve prabhaṅgaṃ gacchanti?

bhagavānavocat—traya ime ānanda hetavastrayaḥ pratyayā mahato bhūmicālasya prādurbhāvāya, yena mahābhūmicāle sati caturdiśaṃ mahāvātā uttiṣṭhanti, catasṛṣu dikṣu dhūmaketavaḥ prādurbhavanti, gṛhaprākārāśca sarve prabhaṅgaṃ gacchanti. katame trayaḥ?

iyamānanda mahāpṛthivī jale pratiṣṭhitā, jalaṃ vāyau pratiṣṭhitam, vāyurākāśamāśritaḥ. astyānanda sa samayo yadākāśe mahān vāyurvāti. vātau vāti jalaṃ kṣubhyati. jale kṣubhite pṛthivī kampate. ayamānanda prathamo hetuḥ prathamaḥ pratyayo mahato bhūmicālasya prādurbhāvāya, yena mahābhūmicāle sati caturdiśaṃ mahāvātā uttiṣṭhanti, catasṛṣu dikṣu dhūmaketavaḥ prādurbhavanti, gṛhaprākārāśca sarve prabhaṅgaṃ gacchanti.

punaraparamānanda, bhikṣurmaharddhiko bhavati mahānubhāvo mahāpuṇyo mahātejā ṛddhipādeṣu cetovaśipprāptaḥ. sa pṛthivīṃ parīttato manasikaroti, jalamapramāṇato manasikaroti. sa tatonidānamimāṃ mahāpṛthivīṃ yathākāmaṃ yathābhiprāyaṃ kampayati samprakampayati vedhati sampravedhati. bhikṣurakṣako devo'pi tadvadbhavati maharddhiko mahānubhāvo mahāpuṇyo mahātejā ṛddhipādeṣu cetovaśipprāptaḥ. so'pi pṛthivīṃ parīttato manasikaroti, jalamapramāṇato manasikaroti. sa tatonidānamimāṃ mahāpṛthivīṃ yathākāmaṃ yathābhiprāyaṃ kampayati samprakampayati vedhati sampravedhati. ayamānanda dvitīyo heturdvitīyaḥ pratyayo mahato bhūmicālasya prādurbhāvāya, yena mahābhūmicāle sati caturdiśaṃ mahāvātā uttiṣṭhanti, catasṛṣu dikṣu dhūmaketavaḥ prādurbhavanti, gṛhaprākārāśca sarve prabhaṅgaṃ gacchanti.

punaraparamānanda, yadi tathāgato'cireṇa trayāṇāṃ māsānāmatyayātparinirvāsyati, tatonidānaṃ mahābhūmicālo bhavati, mahābhūmicāle sati caturdiśaṃ mahāvātā uttiṣṭhanti, catasṛṣu dikṣu dhūmaketavaḥ prādurbhavanti, gṛhaprākārāśca sarve prabhaṅgaṃ gacchanti. ayamānanda tṛtīyo hetustṛtīyaḥ pratyayo mahato bhūmicālasya prādurbhāvāya, yena mahābhūmicāle sati caturdiśaṃ mahāvātā uttiṣṭhanti, catasṛṣu dikṣu dhūmaketavaḥ prādurbhavanti, gṛhaprākārāśca sarve prabhaṅgaṃ gacchanti.

athāyuṣmānānanda etacchrutvā śokārtto'śrūṇi pravartayan kṛtāñjalirbhagavantametadavocat—āścaryaṃ bhagavannadbhutaṃ bhagavan, tathāgato'rhansamyaksambuddhaḥ sampannaguṇo'dbhutadharmasamanvāgataḥ. tatkasya hetoḥ? yaduta tathāgato'cireṇa trayāṇāṃ māsānāmatyayātparinirvāsyati, tatonidānaṃ mahābhūmicālo bhavati, mahābhūmicāle sati caturdiśaṃ mahāvātā uttiṣṭhanti, catasṛṣu dikṣu dhūmaketavaḥ prādurbhavanti, gṛhaprākārāśca sarve prabhaṅgaṃ gacchanti.

bhagavānavocat—evametadānanda, evametadānanda. āścaryamānandādbhutaṃ, tathāgato'rhansamyaksambuddhaḥ sampannaguṇo'dbhutadharmasamanvāgataḥ. tatkasya hetoḥ? yaduta tathāgato'cireṇa trayāṇāṃ māsānāmatyayātparinirvāsyati, tatonidānaṃ mahābhūmicālo bhavati, mahābhūmicāle sati caturdiśaṃ mahāvātā uttiṣṭhanti, catasṛṣu dikṣu dhūmaketavaḥ prādurbhavanti, gṛhaprākārāśca sarve prabhaṅgaṃ gacchanti.

punaraparamānanda, ahamapramāṇāni kṣatriyaparṣacchatasahasrāṇyupasaṅkrāmāmi. taiḥ sārdhaṃ sanniṣadya saṃkathāṃ samāpadye teṣāṃ cittānyārādhayāmi. sanniṣaṇṇeṣu teṣu, yādṛśasteṣāṃ varṇo bhavati tādṛśo mama varṇo bhavati. yādṛśasteṣāṃ svaro bhavati tādṛśo mama svaro bhavati. yādṛśasteṣāmīryāpathaś cācāro bhavati, tādṛśo mameryāpathaś cācāro bhavati. yadi ca māmarthaṃ pṛcchanti, tamarthamahaṃ tebhyo vyākaromi. punarahaṃ tebhyo dharmaṃ deśayāmi sandarśayāmi samādāpayāmi samuttejayāmi sampraharṣayāmi. apramāṇopāyena tebhyo dharmaṃ deśayitvā sandarśya samādāpya samuttejya sampraharṣya tatraivāntardadhe. mayyantarahite te na jānanti ko'yaṃ, mānuṣo vāmānuṣo veti. ānanda, evamāścaryamevamadbhutaṃ, tathāgato'rhansamyaksambuddhaḥ sampannaguṇo'dbhutadharmasamanvāgataḥ. evaṃ brāhmaṇaparṣatsu gṛhapatiparṣatsu śramaṇaparṣatsu ca.

ānanda, ahamapramāṇāni cāturmahārājikaparṣacchatasahasrāṇyupasaṅkrāmāmi. taiḥ sārdhaṃ sanniṣadya saṃkathāṃ samāpadye teṣāṃ cittānyārādhayāmi. sanniṣaṇṇeṣu teṣu, yādṛśasteṣāṃ varṇo bhavati tādṛśo mama varṇo bhavati. yādṛśasteṣāṃ svaro bhavati tādṛśo mama svaro bhavati. yādṛśasteṣāmīryāpathaś cācāro bhavati, tādṛśo mameryāpathaś cācāro bhavati. yadi ca māmarthaṃ pṛcchanti, tamarthamahaṃ tebhyo vyākaromi. punarahaṃ tebhyo dharmaṃ deśayāmi sandarśayāmi samādāpayāmi samuttejayāmi sampraharṣayāmi. apramāṇopāyena tebhyo dharmaṃ deśayitvā sandarśya samādāpya samuttejya sampraharṣya tatraivāntardadhe. mayyantarahite te na jānanti ko'yaṃ, devo vānyadevo veti. ānanda, evamāścaryamevamadbhutaṃ, tathāgato'rhansamyaksambuddhaḥ sampannaguṇo'dbhutadharmasamanvāgataḥ. evaṃ trāyastriṃśatsu yāmeṣu tuṣiteṣu nirmāṇaratiṣu paranirmitavaśavartiṣu brahmakāyikeṣu brahmapurohiteṣu parīttābheṣvapramāṇābheṣvābhāsvareṣu parīttaśubheṣvapramāṇaśubheṣu śubhakṛtsneṣvanabhrakeṣu puṇyaprasaveṣu bṛhatphaleṣvavṛheṣvatapeṣu sudṛśeṣu sudarśaneṣu ca devanikāyeṣu.

ānanda, ahamapramāṇānyakaniṣṭhaparṣacchatasahasrāṇyupasaṅkrāmāmi. taiḥ sārdhaṃ sanniṣadya saṃkathāṃ samāpadye teṣāṃ cittānyārādhayāmi. sanniṣaṇṇeṣu teṣu, yādṛśasteṣāṃ varṇo bhavati tādṛśo mama varṇo bhavati. yādṛśasteṣāṃ svaro bhavati tādṛśo mama svaro bhavati. yādṛśasteṣāmīryāpathaś cācāro bhavati, tādṛśo mameryāpathaś cācāro bhavati. yadi ca māmarthaṃ pṛcchanti, tamarthamahaṃ tebhyo vyākaromi. punarahaṃ tebhyo dharmaṃ deśayāmi sandarśayāmi samādāpayāmi samuttejayāmi sampraharṣayāmi. apramāṇopāyena tebhyo dharmaṃ deśayitvā sandarśya samādāpya samuttejya sampraharṣya tatraivāntardadhe. mayyantarahite te na jānanti ko'yaṃ, devo vānyadevo veti. ānanda, evamāścaryamevamadbhutaṃ, tathāgato'rhansamyaksambuddhaḥ sampannaguṇo'dbhutadharmasamanvāgataḥ.

idamavocadbhagavān. āttamanasa āyuṣmānānandaste ca bhikṣavo bhagavato bhāṣitamabhyanandan.

bhūmicālasūtraṃ pañcamaṃ samāptam.