madhyamanikāyaḥ 33 - mahāgopālakasūtram

evaṃ mayā śrutam — ekasmin samaye bhagavān śrāvastyāṃ viharati sma jetavane anāthapiṇḍadasya ārāme . tatra khalu bhagavān bhikṣūn āmantrayata — “bhikṣavaḥ” iti .

“bhadanta” iti te bhikṣavaḥ bhagavataḥ pratyaśrauṣuḥ . bhagavān etad avocat —

“ekādaśabhiḥ, bhikṣavaḥ, aṅgaiḥ samanvitaḥ gopālakaḥ abhavyaḥ gogaṇaṃ parihartuṃ sphātiṃ kartum . katamaiḥ ekādaśabhiḥ ? iha, bhikṣavaḥ, gopālakaḥ na rūpajñaḥ bhavati, na lakṣaṇakuśalaḥ bhavati, na āśāṭikāṃ hārayitā bhavati, na vraṇaṃ praticchādayitā bhavati, na dhūmaṃ kartā bhavati, na tīrthaṃ jānāti, na pītaṃ jānāti, na vīthīṃ jānāti, na gocarakuśalaḥ bhavati, anavaśeṣadogdhī ca bhavati . ye te vṛṣabhāḥ gopitaraḥ gopariṇāyakāḥ tān na atirekapūjayā pūjayitā bhavati . imaiḥ khalu, bhikṣavaḥ, ekādaśabhiḥ aṅgaiḥ samanvitaḥ gopālakaḥ abhavyaḥ gogaṇaṃ parihartuṃ sphātiṃ kartum .

evam eva khalu, bhikṣavaḥ, ekādaśabhiḥ dharmaiḥ samanvitaḥ bhikṣuḥ abhavyaḥ asmin dharmavinaye vṛddhiṃ virūḍhiṃ vaipulyam āpattum . katamaiḥ ekādaśabhiḥ ? iha, bhikṣavaḥ, bhikṣuḥ na rūpajñaḥ bhavati, na lakṣaṇakuśalaḥ bhavati, na āśāṭikāṃ hārayitā bhavati, na vraṇaṃ praticchādayitā bhavati, na dhūmaṃ kartā bhavati, na tīrthaṃ jānāti, na pītaṃ jānāti, na vīthīṃ jānāti, na gocarakuśalaḥ bhavati, anavaśeṣadogdhī ca bhavati . ye te bhikṣavaḥ sthavirāḥ rātrijñāḥ cirapravrajitāḥ saṃghapitaraḥ saṃghapariṇāyakāḥ tān na atirekapūjayā pūjayitā bhavati .

kathaṃ ca, bhikṣavaḥ, bhikṣuḥ na rūpajñaḥ bhavati ? iha, bhikṣavaḥ, bhikṣuḥ yat kiṃcit rūpaṃ sarvaṃ rūpaṃ 'catvāri mahābhūtāni, caturṇāṃ ca mahābhūtānām upādāyarūpam' iti yathābhūtaṃ na prajānāti . evaṃ khalu, bhikṣavaḥ, bhikṣuḥ na rūpajñaḥ bhavati .

kathaṃ ca, bhikṣavaḥ, bhikṣuḥ na lakṣaṇakuśalaḥ bhavati ? iha, bhikṣavaḥ, bhikṣuḥ 'karmalakṣaṇaḥ bālaḥ, karmalakṣaṇaḥ paṇḍitaḥ' iti yathābhūtaṃ na prajānāti . evaṃ khalu, bhikṣavaḥ, bhikṣuḥ na lakṣaṇakuśalaḥ bhavati .

kathaṃ ca, bhikṣavaḥ, bhikṣuḥ na āśāṭikāṃ hārayitā bhavati ? iha, bhikṣavaḥ, bhikṣuḥ utpannaṃ kāmavitarkam adhivāsayati, na prajahāti na vinodayati na vyantīkaroti na anabhāvaṃ gamayati . utpannaṃ vyāpādavitarkam … utpannaṃ vihiṃsāvitarkam … utpannotpannān pāpakān akuśalān dharmān adhivāsayati, na prajahāti na vinodayati na vyantīkaroti na anabhāvaṃ gamayati . evaṃ khalu, bhikṣavaḥ, bhikṣuḥ na āśāṭikāṃ hārayitā bhavati .

kathaṃ ca, bhikṣavaḥ, bhikṣuḥ na vraṇaṃ praticchādayitā bhavati ? iha, bhikṣavaḥ, bhikṣuḥ cakṣuṣā rūpaṃ dṛṣṭvā nimittagrāhī bhavati anuvyañjanagrāhī . yatvādhikaraṇam enaṃ cakṣurindriyam asaṃvṛtaṃ viharantam abhidhyādaurmanasyāḥ pāpakāḥ akuśalāḥ dharmāḥ anvāsraveyuḥ, tasya saṃvarāya na pratipadyate, na rakṣati cakṣurindriyam, cakṣurindriye na saṃvaram āpadyate . śrotreṇa śabdaṃ śrutvā … ghrāṇena gandhaṃ ājhrāya … jihvayā rasaṃ svādayitvā … kāyena spraṣṭavyaṃ spṛṣṭvā … manasā dharmaṃ vijñāya nimittagrāhī bhavati anuvyañjanagrāhī . yatvādhikaraṇam enaṃ mana-indriyam asaṃvṛtaṃ viharantam abhidhyādaurmanasyāḥ pāpakāḥ akuśalāḥ dharmāḥ anvāsraveyuḥ, tasya saṃvarāya na pratipadyate, na rakṣati mana-indriyam, mana-indriye na saṃvaram āpadyate . evaṃ khalu, bhikṣavaḥ, bhikṣuḥ na vraṇaṃ praticchādayitā bhavati .

kathaṃ ca, bhikṣavaḥ, bhikṣuḥ na dhūmaṃ kartā bhavati ? iha, bhikṣavaḥ, bhikṣuḥ yathāśrutaṃ yathāparyāptaṃ dharmaṃ na vistāreṇa pareṣāṃ deśayitā bhavati . evaṃ khalu, bhikṣavaḥ, bhikṣuḥ na dhūmaṃ kartā bhavati .

kathaṃ ca, bhikṣavaḥ, bhikṣuḥ na tīrthaṃ jānāti ? iha, bhikṣavaḥ, bhikṣuḥ ye te bhikṣavaḥ bahuśrutāḥ āgatāgamāḥ dharmadharāḥ vinayadharāḥ mātṛkādharāḥ, tān kālena kālam upasaṃkramya na paripṛcchati, na paripraśnayati : 'idam, bhadanta, katham ? asya kaḥ arthaḥ' iti ? tasya te āyuṣmantaḥ avivṛtaṃ ca eva na vivṛṇvanti, anuttānīkṛtaṃ ca na uttānīkurvanti, anekavihiteṣu ca kāṅkṣāsthānīyeṣu dharmeṣu kāṅkṣāṃ na prativinodayanti . evaṃ khalu, bhikṣavaḥ, bhikṣuḥ na tīrthaṃ jānāti .

kathaṃ ca, bhikṣavaḥ, bhikṣuḥ na pītaṃ jānāti ? iha, bhikṣavaḥ, bhikṣuḥ tathāgatapravedite dharmavinaye deśyamāne na labhate arthavedam, na labhate dharmavedam, na labhate dharmopasaṃhitaṃ prāmodyam . evaṃ khalu, bhikṣavaḥ, bhikṣuḥ na pītaṃ jānāti .

kathaṃ ca, bhikṣavaḥ, bhikṣuḥ na vīthīṃ jānāti ? iha, bhikṣavaḥ, bhikṣuḥ āryam aṣṭāṅgaṃ mārgaṃ yathābhūtaṃ na prajānāti . evaṃ khalu, bhikṣavaḥ, bhikṣuḥ na vīthīṃ jānāti .

kathaṃ ca, bhikṣavaḥ, bhikṣuḥ na gocarakuśalaḥ bhavati ? iha, bhikṣavaḥ, bhikṣuḥ catvāraḥ smṛtyupasthānān yathābhūtaṃ na prajānāti . evaṃ khalu, bhikṣavaḥ, bhikṣuḥ na gocarakuśalaḥ bhavati .

kathaṃ ca, bhikṣavaḥ, bhikṣuḥ anavaśeṣadogdhī bhavati ? iha, bhikṣavaḥ, bhikṣuṃ śrāddhāḥ gṛhapatikāḥ abhihṛtya pravārayanti cīvarapiṇḍapātaśayanāsanaglānapratyayabhaiṣajyapariṣkāraiḥ, tatra bhikṣuḥ mātrāṃ na jānāti pratigrahaṇāya . evaṃ khalu, bhikṣavaḥ, bhikṣuḥ anavaśeṣadogdhī bhavati .

kathaṃ ca, bhikṣavaḥ, bhikṣuḥ ye te bhikṣavaḥ sthavirāḥ rātrijñāḥ cirapravrajitāḥ saṃghapitaraḥ saṃghapariṇāyakāḥ tān na atirekapūjayā pūjayitā bhavati ? iha, bhikṣavaḥ, bhikṣuḥ ye te bhikṣavaḥ sthavirāḥ rātrijñāḥ cirapravrajitāḥ saṃghapitaraḥ saṃghapariṇāyakāḥ, teṣu na maitraṃ kāyakarma pratyupasthāpayati āviḥ ca eva rahaḥ ca ; na maitraṃ vākkarma pratyupasthāpayati āviḥ ca eva rahaḥ ca ; na maitraṃ manaḥkarma pratyupasthāpayati āviḥ ca eva rahaḥ ca . evaṃ khalu, bhikṣavaḥ, bhikṣuḥ ye te bhikṣavaḥ sthavirāḥ rātrijñāḥ cirapravrajitāḥ saṃghapitaraḥ saṃghapariṇāyakāḥ tān na atirekapūjayā pūjayitā bhavati .

imaiḥ khalu, bhikṣavaḥ, ekādaśabhiḥ dharmaiḥ samanvitaḥ bhikṣuḥ abhavyaḥ asmin dharmavinaye vṛddhiṃ virūḍhiṃ vaipulyam āpattum .

ekādaśabhiḥ, bhikṣavaḥ, aṅgaiḥ samanvitaḥ gopālakaḥ bhavyaḥ gogaṇaṃ parihartuṃ sphātiṃ kartum . katamaiḥ ekādaśabhiḥ ? iha, bhikṣavaḥ, gopālakaḥ rūpajñaḥ bhavati, lakṣaṇakuśalaḥ bhavati, āśāṭikāṃ hārayitā bhavati, vraṇaṃ praticchādayitā bhavati, dhūmaṃ kartā bhavati, tīrthaṃ jānāti, pītaṃ jānāti, vīthīṃ jānāti, gocarakuśalaḥ bhavati, sāvaśeṣadogdhī ca bhavati . ye te vṛṣabhāḥ gopitaraḥ gopariṇāyakāḥ tān atirekapūjayā pūjayitā bhavati . imaiḥ khalu, bhikṣavaḥ, ekādaśabhiḥ aṅgaiḥ samanvitaḥ gopālakaḥ bhavyaḥ gogaṇaṃ parihartuṃ sphātiṃ kartum .

evam eva khalu, bhikṣavaḥ, ekādaśabhiḥ dharmaiḥ samanvitaḥ bhikṣuḥ bhavyaḥ asmin dharmavinaye vṛddhiṃ virūḍhiṃ vaipulyam āpattum . katamaiḥ ekādaśabhiḥ ? iha, bhikṣavaḥ, bhikṣuḥ rūpajñaḥ bhavati, lakṣaṇakuśalaḥ bhavati, āśāṭikāṃ hārayitā bhavati, vraṇaṃ praticchādayitā bhavati, dhūmaṃ kartā bhavati, tīrthaṃ jānāti, pītaṃ jānāti, vīthīṃ jānāti, gocarakuśalaḥ bhavati, sāvaśeṣadogdhī ca bhavati . ye te bhikṣavaḥ sthavirāḥ rātrijñāḥ cirapravrajitāḥ saṃghapitaraḥ saṃghapariṇāyakāḥ tān atirekapūjayā pūjayitā bhavati .

kathaṃ ca, bhikṣavaḥ, bhikṣuḥ rūpajñaḥ bhavati ? iha, bhikṣavaḥ, bhikṣuḥ yat kiṃcit rūpaṃ sarvaṃ rūpaṃ 'catvāri mahābhūtāni, caturṇāṃ ca mahābhūtānām upādāyarūpam' iti yathābhūtaṃ prajānāti . evaṃ khalu, bhikṣavaḥ, bhikṣuḥ rūpajñaḥ bhavati .

kathaṃ ca, bhikṣavaḥ, bhikṣuḥ lakṣaṇakuśalaḥ bhavati ? iha, bhikṣavaḥ, bhikṣuḥ 'karmalakṣaṇaḥ bālaḥ, karmalakṣaṇaḥ paṇḍitaḥ' iti yathābhūtaṃ prajānāti . evaṃ khalu, bhikṣavaḥ, bhikṣuḥ lakṣaṇakuśalaḥ bhavati .

kathaṃ ca, bhikṣavaḥ, bhikṣuḥ āśāṭikāṃ hārayitā bhavati ? iha, bhikṣavaḥ, bhikṣuḥ utpannaṃ kāmavitarkaṃ na adhivāsayati, prajahāti vinodayati vyantīkaroti anabhāvaṃ gamayati . utpannaṃ vyāpādavitarkam … utpannaṃ vihiṃsāvitarkam … utpannotpannān pāpakān akuśalān dharmān na adhivāsayati, prajahāti vinodayati vyantīkaroti anabhāvaṃ gamayati . evaṃ khalu, bhikṣavaḥ, bhikṣuḥ āśāṭikāṃ hārayitā bhavati .

kathaṃ ca, bhikṣavaḥ, bhikṣuḥ vraṇaṃ praticchādayitā bhavati ? iha, bhikṣavaḥ, bhikṣuḥ cakṣuṣā rūpaṃ dṛṣṭvā na nimittagrāhī bhavati na anuvyañjanagrāhī . yatvādhikaraṇam enaṃ cakṣurindriyam asaṃvṛtaṃ viharantam abhidhyādaurmanasyāḥ pāpakāḥ akuśalāḥ dharmāḥ anvāsraveyuḥ tasya saṃvarāya pratipadyate, rakṣati cakṣurindriyam, cakṣurindriye saṃvaram āpadyate . śrotreṇa śabdaṃ śrutvā … ghrāṇena gandhaṃ ājhrāya … jihvayā rasaṃ svādayitvā … kāyena spraṣṭavyaṃ spṛṣṭvā … manasā dharmaṃ vijñāya na nimittagrāhī bhavati na anuvyañjanagrāhī . yatvādhikaraṇam enaṃ mana-indriyam asaṃvṛtaṃ viharantam abhidhyādaurmanasyāḥ pāpakāḥ akuśalāḥ dharmāḥ anvāsraveyuḥ tasya saṃvarāya pratipadyate, rakṣati mana-indriyam, mana-indriye saṃvaram āpadyate . evaṃ khalu, bhikṣavaḥ, bhikṣuḥ vraṇaṃ praticchādayitā bhavati .

kathaṃ ca, bhikṣavaḥ, bhikṣuḥ dhūmaṃ kartā bhavati ? iha, bhikṣavaḥ, bhikṣuḥ yathāśrutaṃ yathāparyāptaṃ dharmaṃ vistāreṇa pareṣāṃ deśayitā bhavati . evaṃ khalu, bhikṣavaḥ, bhikṣuḥ dhūmaṃ kartā bhavati .

kathaṃ ca, bhikṣavaḥ, bhikṣuḥ tīrthaṃ jānāti ? iha, bhikṣavaḥ, bhikṣuḥ ye te bhikṣavaḥ bahuśrutāḥ āgatāgamāḥ dharmadharāḥ vinayadharāḥ mātṛkādharāḥ tān kālena kālam upasaṃkramya paripṛcchati, paripraśnayati : 'idam, bhadanta, katham ? asya kaḥ arthaḥ' iti ? tasya te āyuṣmantaḥ avivṛtaṃ ca eva vivṛṇvanti, anuttānīkṛtaṃ ca uttānīkurvanti, anekavihiteṣu ca kāṅkṣāsthānīyeṣu dharmeṣu kāṅkṣāṃ prativinodayanti . evaṃ khalu, bhikṣavaḥ, bhikṣuḥ tīrthaṃ jānāti .

kathaṃ ca bhikṣavaḥ, bhikṣuḥ pītaṃ jānāti ? iha, bhikṣavaḥ, bhikṣuḥ tathāgatapravedite dharmavinaye deśyamāne labhate arthavedam, labhate dharmavedam, labhate dharmopasaṃhitaṃ prāmodyam . evaṃ khalu, bhikṣavaḥ, bhikṣuḥ pītaṃ jānāti .

kathaṃ ca, bhikṣavaḥ, bhikṣuḥ vīthīṃ jānāti ? iha, bhikṣavaḥ, bhikṣuḥ āryam aṣṭāṅgaṃ mārgaṃ yathābhūtaṃ prajānāti . evaṃ khalu, bhikṣavaḥ, bhikṣuḥ vīthīṃ jānāti .

kathaṃ ca, bhikṣavaḥ, bhikṣuḥ gocarakuśalaḥ bhavati ? iha, bhikṣavaḥ, bhikṣuḥ catvāraḥ smṛtyupasthānān yathābhūtaṃ prajānāti . evaṃ khalu, bhikṣavaḥ, bhikṣuḥ gocarakuśalaḥ bhavati .

kathaṃ ca, bhikṣavaḥ, bhikṣuḥ sāvaśeṣadogdhī bhavati ? iha, bhikṣavaḥ, bhikṣuṃ śrāddhāḥ gṛhapatikāḥ abhihṛtya pravārayanti cīvarapiṇḍapātaśayanāsanaglānapratyayabhaiṣajyapariṣkāraiḥ . tatra bhikṣuḥ mātrāṃ jānāti pratigrahaṇāya . evaṃ khalu, bhikṣavaḥ, bhikṣuḥ sāvaśeṣadogdhī bhavati .

kathaṃ ca, bhikṣavaḥ, bhikṣuḥ ye te bhikṣavaḥ sthavirāḥ rātrijñāḥ cirapravrajitāḥ saṃghapitaraḥ saṃghapariṇāyakāḥ, tān atirekapūjayā pūjayitā bhavati ? iha, bhikṣavaḥ, bhikṣuḥ ye te bhikṣavaḥ sthavirāḥ rātrijñāḥ cirapravrajitāḥ saṃghapitaraḥ saṃghapariṇāyakāḥ teṣu maitraṃ kāyakarma pratyupasthāpayati āviḥ ca eva rahaḥ ca ; maitraṃ vākkarma pratyupasthāpayati āviḥ ca eva rahaḥ ca ; maitraṃ manaḥkarma pratyupasthāpayati āviḥ ca eva rahaḥ ca . evaṃ khalu, bhikṣavaḥ, bhikṣuḥ ye te bhikṣavaḥ sthavirāḥ rātrijñāḥ cirapravrajitāḥ saṃghapitaraḥ saṃghapariṇāyakāḥ tān atirekapūjayā pūjayitā bhavati .

imaiḥ khalu, bhikṣavaḥ, ekādaśabhiḥ dharmaiḥ samanvitaḥ bhikṣuḥ bhavyaḥ asmin dharmavinaye vṛddhiṃ virūḍhiṃ vaipulyam āpattum” iti .

idam avocat bhagavān . āttamanasaḥ te bhikṣavaḥ bhagavataḥ bhāṣitam abhyanandiṣuḥ .

mahāgopālakasūtraṃ niṣṭhitaṃ tṛtīyam .