madhyamanikāyaḥ 44 - kṣudravaidalyasūtram

evaṃ mayā śrutam — ekasmin samaye bhagavān rājagṛhe viharati sma veṇuvane kalandakanivāpe .

atha khalu viśākhaḥ upāsakaḥ yena dharmadinnā bhikṣuṇī tena upasaṃcakrāma ; upasaṃkramya dharmadinnāṃ bhikṣuṇīm abhivādya ekānte nyaṣīdat . ekānte niṣaṇṇaḥ khalu viśākhaḥ upāsakaḥ dharmadinnāṃ bhikṣuṇīm etad avocat —

satkāyaḥ satkāyaḥ iti, ārye, ucyate . katamaḥ nu khalu, ārye, satkāyaḥ uktaḥ bhagavatā iti ?

pañca khalu ime, āyuṣman viśākha, upādānaskandhāḥ satkāyaḥ uktaḥ bhagavatā, tadyathā — rūpopādānaskandhaḥ, vedanopādānaskandhaḥ, saṃjñopādānaskandhaḥ, saṃskāropādānaskandhaḥ, vijñānopādānaskandhaḥ . ime khalu, āyuṣman viśākha, pañcopādānaskandhāḥ satkāyaḥ uktaḥ bhagavatā iti .

sādhu ārye iti khalu viśākhaḥ upāsakaḥ dharmadinnāyāḥ bhikṣuṇyāḥ bhāṣitam abhinandya anumudya dharmadinnāṃ bhikṣuṇīm uttari praśnam apṛcchat —

satkāyasamudayaḥ satkāyasamudayaḥ iti, ārye, ucyate . katamaḥ nu khalu, ārye, satkāyasamudayaḥ uktaḥ bhagavatā iti ?

yā iyam, āyuṣman viśākha, tṛṣṇā paunarbhavikī nandīrāgasahagatā tatratatrābhinandinī, tadyathā — kāmatṛṣṇā bhavatṛṣṇā vibhavatṛṣṇā ; ayam khalu, āyuṣman viśākha, satkāyasamudayaḥ uktaḥ bhagavatā iti .

satkāyanirodhaḥ satkāyanirodhaḥ iti, ārye, ucyate . katamaḥ nu khalu, ārye, satkāyanirodhaḥ uktaḥ bhagavatā iti ?

yaḥ khalu, āyuṣman viśākha, tasyāḥ eva tṛṣṇāyāḥ aśeṣavirāganirodhaḥ tyāgaḥ pratiniḥsargaḥ muktiḥ anālayaḥ ; ayam khalu, āyuṣman viśākha, satkāyanirodhaḥ uktaḥ bhagavatā iti .

satkāyanirodhagāminī pratipad satkāyanirodhagāminī pratipad iti, ārye, ucyate . katamā nu khalu, ārye, satkāyanirodhagāminī pratipad uktā bhagavatā iti ?

ayam eva khalu, āyuṣman viśākha, āryaḥ aṣṭāṅgaḥ mārgaḥ satkāyanirodhagāminī pratipad uktā bhagavatā, tadyathā — samyagdṛṣṭiḥ samyaksaṃkalpaḥ samyagvāk samyakkarmāntaḥ samyagājīvaḥ samyagvyāyāmaḥ samyaksmṛtiḥ samyaksamādhiḥ iti .

tad eva nu khalu, ārye, upādānaṃ te pañcopādānaskandhāḥ utāho anyatra pañcabhiḥ upādānaskandhaiḥ upādānam iti ?

na khalu, āyuṣman viśākha, tad eva upādānaṃ te pañcopādānaskandhāḥ, na api anyatra pañcabhiḥ upādānaskandhaiḥ upādānam . yaḥ khalu, āyuṣman viśākha, pañcasu upādānaskandheṣu chandarāgaḥ tat tatra upādānam iti .

kathaṃ punar, ārye, satkāyadṛṣṭiḥ bhavati iti ?

iha, āyuṣman viśākha, aśrutavān pṛthagjanaḥ, āryāṇām adarśī āryadharmasya akovidaḥ āryadharme avinītaḥ, satpuruṣāṇām adarśī satpuruṣadharmasya akovidaḥ satpuruṣadharme avinītaḥ, rūpam ātmatvena samanupaśyati, rūpavantaṃ vā ātmānam, ātmani vā rūpam, rūpe vā ātmānam . vedanām … saṃjñām … saṃskārān … vijñānam ātmatvena samanupaśyati, vijñānavantaṃ vā ātmānam, ātmani vā vijñānam, vijñāne vā ātmānam . evaṃ khalu, āyuṣman viśākha, satkāyadṛṣṭiḥ bhavati iti .

kathaṃ punar, ārye, satkāyadṛṣṭiḥ na bhavati iti ?

iha, āyuṣman viśākha, śrutavān āryaśrāvakaḥ, āryāṇāṃ darśī āryadharmasya kovidaḥ āryadharme suvinītaḥ, satpuruṣāṇāṃ darśī satpuruṣadharmasya kovidaḥ satpuruṣadharme suvinītaḥ, na rūpam ātmatvena samanupaśyati, na rūpavantaṃ vā ātmānam, na ātmani vā rūpam, na rūpe vā ātmānam . na vedanām … na saṃjñām … na saṃskārān … na vijñānam ātmatvena samanupaśyati, na vijñānavantaṃ vā ātmānam, na ātmani vā vijñānam, na vijñāne vā ātmānam . evaṃ khalu, āyuṣman viśākha, satkāyadṛṣṭiḥ na bhavati iti .

katamaḥ punar, ārye, āryaḥ aṣṭāṅgaḥ mārgaḥ iti ?

ayam eva khalu, āyuṣman viśākha, āryaḥ aṣṭāṅgaḥ mārgaḥ, tadyathā — samyagdṛṣṭiḥ samyaksaṃkalpaḥ samyagvāk samyakkarmāntaḥ samyagājīvaḥ samyagvyāyāmaḥ samyaksmṛtiḥ samyaksamādhiḥ iti .

āryaḥ punar, ārye, aṣṭāṅgaḥ mārgaḥ saṃskṛtaḥ utāho asaṃskṛtaḥ iti ?

āryaḥ khalu, āyuṣman viśākha, aṣṭāṅgaḥ mārgaḥ saṃskṛtaḥ iti .

āryeṇa nu khalu, ārye, aṣṭāṅgikena mārgeṇa trayaḥ skandhāḥ saṃgṛhītāḥ utāho tribhiḥ skandhaiḥ āryaḥ aṣṭāṅgaḥ mārgaḥ saṃgṛhītaḥ iti ?

na khalu, āyuṣman viśākha, āryeṇa aṣṭāṅgikena mārgeṇa trayaḥ skandhāḥ saṃgṛhītāḥ ; tribhiḥ ca khalu, āyuṣman viśākha, skandhaiḥ āryaḥ aṣṭāṅgaḥ mārgaḥ saṃgṛhītaḥ . yā ca, āyuṣman viśākha, samyagvāk yaḥ ca samyakkarmāntaḥ yaḥ ca samyagājīvaḥ ime dharmāḥ śīlaskandhe saṃgṛhītāḥ . yaḥ ca samyagvyāyāmaḥ yā ca samyaksmṛtiḥ yaḥ ca samyaksamādhiḥ ime dharmāḥ samādhiskandhe saṃgṛhītāḥ . yā ca samyagdṛṣṭiḥ yaḥ ca samyaksaṃkalpaḥ, ime dharmāḥ prajñāskandhe saṃgṛhītāḥ iti .

katamaḥ punar, ārye, samādhiḥ, katame dharmāḥ samādhinimittāḥ, katame dharmāḥ samādhipariṣkārāḥ, katamā samādhibhāvanā iti ?

yā khalu, āyuṣman viśākha, cittasya ekāgratā ayaṃ samādhiḥ ; catvāraḥ smṛtyupasthānāḥ samādhinimittāḥ ; catvāraḥ samyakpradhānāḥ samādhipariṣkārāḥ . yā teṣām eva dharmāṇām āsevanā bhāvanā bahulīkarma, iyam atra samādhibhāvanā iti .

kati punar, ārye, saṃskārāḥ iti ?

trayaḥ ime, āyuṣman viśākha, saṃskārāḥ — kāyasaṃskāraḥ, vākṣaṃskāraḥ, cittasaṃskāraḥ iti .

katamaḥ punar, ārye, kāyasaṃskāraḥ, katamaḥ vākṣaṃskāraḥ, katamaḥ cittasaṃskāraḥ iti ?

āśvāsapraśvāsāḥ khalu, āyuṣman viśākha, kāyasaṃskāraḥ, vitarkavicārāḥ vākṣaṃskāraḥ, saṃjñā ca vedanā ca cittasaṃskāraḥ iti .

kasmāt punar, ārye, āśvāsapraśvāsāḥ kāyasaṃskāraḥ, kasmāt vitarkavicārāḥ vākṣaṃskāraḥ, kasmāt saṃjñā ca vedanā ca cittasaṃskāraḥ iti ?

āśvāsapraśvāsāḥ khalu, āyuṣman viśākha, kāyikāḥ ete dharmāḥ kāyapratibaddhāḥ, tasmāt āśvāsapraśvāsāḥ kāyasaṃskāraḥ . pūrvaṃ khalu, āyuṣman viśākha, vitarkya vicārya paścāt vācaṃ bhinatti, tasmāt vitarkavicārāḥ vākṣaṃskāraḥ . saṃjñā ca vedanā ca caitasikāḥ ete dharmāḥ cittapratibaddhāḥ, tasmāt saṃjñā ca vedanā ca cittasaṃskāraḥ iti .

kathaṃ punar, ārye, saṃjñāveditanirodhasamāpattiḥ bhavati iti ?

na khalu, āyuṣman viśākha, saṃjñāveditanirodhaṃ samāpadyamānasya bhikṣoḥ evaṃ bhavati — ahaṃ saṃjñāveditanirodhaṃ samāpatsye iti vā, ahaṃ saṃjñāveditanirodhaṃ samāpadye iti vā, ahaṃ saṃjñāveditanirodhaṃ samāpannaḥ iti vā . atha khalu asya pūrvam eva tathā cittaṃ bhāvitaṃ bhavati yat tat tathātvāya upanayati iti .

saṃjñāveditanirodhaṃ samāpadyamānasya punar, ārye, bhikṣoḥ katame dharmāḥ prathamaṃ nirudhyante — yadi vā kāyasaṃskāraḥ, yadi vā vākṣaṃskāraḥ, yadi vā cittasaṃskāraḥ iti ?

saṃjñāveditanirodhaṃ samāpadyamānasya khalu, āyuṣman viśākha, bhikṣoḥ prathamaṃ nirudhyate vākṣaṃskāraḥ, tataḥ kāyasaṃskāraḥ, tataḥ cittasaṃskāraḥ iti .

kathaṃ punar, ārye, saṃjñāveditanirodhasamāpattyāḥ utthānaṃ bhavati iti ?

na khalu, āyuṣman viśākha, saṃjñāveditanirodhasamāpattyāḥ uttiṣṭhamānasya bhikṣoḥ evaṃ bhavati — ahaṃ saṃjñāveditanirodhasamāpattyāḥ utthāsyāmi iti vā, ahaṃ saṃjñāveditanirodhasamāpattyāḥ uttiṣṭhāmi iti vā, ahaṃ saṃjñāveditanirodhasamāpattyāḥ utthitaḥ iti vā . atha khalu asya pūrvam eva tathā cittaṃ bhāvitaṃ bhavati yat tat tathātvāya upanayati iti .

saṃjñāveditanirodhasamāpattyāḥ uttiṣṭhamānasya punar, ārye, bhikṣoḥ katame dharmāḥ prathamam utpadyante — yadi vā kāyasaṃskāraḥ, yadi vā vākṣaṃskāraḥ, yadi vā cittasaṃskāraḥ iti ?

saṃjñāveditanirodhasamāpattyāḥ uttiṣṭhamānasya khalu, āyuṣman viśākha, bhikṣoḥ prathamam utpadyate cittasaṃskāraḥ, tataḥ kāyasaṃskāraḥ, tataḥ vākṣaṃskāraḥ iti .

saṃjñāveditanirodhasamāpattyāḥ utthitaṃ punar, ārye, bhikṣuṃ kati sparśāḥ spṛśanti iti ?

saṃjñāveditanirodhasamāpattyāḥ utthitaṃ khalu, āyuṣman viśākha, bhikṣuṃ trayaḥ sparśāḥ spṛśanti — śūnyataḥ sparśaḥ, animittaḥ sparśaḥ, apraṇihitaḥ sparśaḥ iti .

saṃjñāveditanirodhasamāpattyāḥ utthitasya punar, ārye, bhikṣoḥ kiṃnimnaṃ cittaṃ bhavati kiṃpravaṇaṃ kiṃprāgbhāram iti ?

saṃjñāveditanirodhasamāpattyāḥ utthitasya khalu, āyuṣman viśākha, bhikṣoḥ vivekanimnaṃ cittaṃ bhavati, vivekapravaṇaṃ vivekaprāgbhāram iti .

kati punar, ārye, vedanāḥ iti ?

tisraḥ khalu imāḥ, āyuṣman viśākha, vedanāḥ — sukhā vedanā, duḥkhā vedanā, aduḥkhamasukhā vedanā iti .

katamā punar, ārye, sukhā vedanā, katamā duḥkhā vedanā, katamā aduḥkhamasukhā vedanā iti ?

yat khalu, āyuṣman viśākha, kāyikaṃ vā caitasikaṃ vā sukhaṃ śātaṃ veditaṃ — iyaṃ sukhā vedanā . yat khalu, āyuṣman viśākha, kāyikaṃ vā caitasikaṃ vā duḥkham aśātaṃ veditaṃ — iyaṃ duḥkhā vedanā . yat khalu, āyuṣman viśākha, kāyikaṃ vā caitasikaṃ vā na eva śātaṃ na aśātaṃ veditaṃ — iyam aduḥkhamasukhā vedanā iti .

sukhā punar, ārye, vedanā kiṃsukhā kiṃduḥkhā, duḥkhā vedanā kiṃsukhā kiṃduḥkhā, aduḥkhamasukhā vedanā kiṃsukhā kiṃduḥkhā iti ?

sukhā khalu, āyuṣman viśākha, vedanā sthitisukhā vipariṇāmaduḥkhā ; duḥkhā vedanā sthitiduḥkhā vipariṇāmasukhā ; aduḥkhamasukhā vedanā jñānasukhā ajñānaduḥkhā iti .

sukhāyāṃ punar, ārye, vedanāyāṃ kiṃ anuśayaḥ anuśete, duḥkhāyāṃ vedanāyāṃ kiṃ anuśayaḥ anuśete, aduḥkhamasukhāyāṃ vedanāyāṃ kiṃ anuśayaḥ anuśete iti ?

sukhāyāṃ khalu, āyuṣman viśākha, vedanāyāṃ rāgānuśayaḥ anuśete, duḥkhāyāṃ vedanāyāṃ pratighānuśayaḥ anuśete, aduḥkhamasukhāyāṃ vedanāyām avidyānuśayaḥ anuśete iti .

sarvāyāṃ nu khalu, ārye, sukhāyāṃ vedanāyāṃ rāgānuśayaḥ anuśete, sarvāyāṃ duḥkhāyāṃ vedanāyāṃ pratighānuśayaḥ anuśete, sarvāyām aduḥkhamasukhāyāṃ vedanāyām avidyānuśayaḥ anuśete iti ?

na khalu, āyuṣman viśākha, sarvāyāṃ sukhāyāṃ vedanāyāṃ rāgānuśayaḥ anuśete, na sarvāyāṃ duḥkhāyāṃ vedanāyāṃ pratighānuśayaḥ anuśete, na sarvāyām aduḥkhamasukhāyāṃ vedanāyām avidyānuśayaḥ anuśete . iha, āyuṣman viśākha, bhikṣuḥ vivicya eva kāmebhyaḥ vivicya akuśalebhyaḥ dharmebhyaḥ savitarkaṃ savicāraṃ vivekajaṃ prītisukhaṃ prathamaṃ dhyānam upasaṃpadya viharati . rāgaṃ tena prajahāti, na tatra rāgānuśayaḥ anuśete . iha, āyuṣman viśākha, bhikṣuḥ iti pratisaṃcaṣṭe — kadā svid nāma ahaṃ tad āyatanan upasaṃpadya vihariṣyāmi yad āryāḥ etarhi āyatanan upasaṃpadya viharanti iti ? iti anuttareṣu vimokṣeṣu spṛhāṃ upasthāpayataḥ utpadyate spṛhāpratyayāt daurmanasyam . pratighaṃ tena prajahāti, na tatra pratighānuśayaḥ anuśete . iha, āyuṣman viśākha, bhikṣuḥ sukhasya ca prahāṇāt, duḥkhasya ca prahāṇāt, pūrvaṃ eva saumanasyadaurmanasyānām astaṃgamāt, aduḥkhamasukham upekṣāsmṛtipāriśuddhiṃ caturthaṃ dhyānam upasaṃpadya viharati . avidyāṃ tena prajahāti, na tatra avidyānuśayaḥ anuśete iti .

sukhāyāḥ punar, ārye, vedanāyāḥ kiṃ pratibhāgaḥ iti ?

sukhāyāḥ khalu, āyuṣman viśākha, vedanāyāḥ duḥkhā vedanā pratibhāgaḥ iti .

duḥkhāyāḥ punar, ārye, vedanāyāḥ kiṃ pratibhāgaḥ iti ?

duḥkhāyāḥ khalu, āyuṣman viśākha, vedanāyāḥ sukhā vedanā pratibhāgaḥ iti .

aduḥkhamasukhāyāḥ punar, ārye, vedanāyāḥ kiṃ pratibhāgaḥ iti ?

aduḥkhamasukhāyāḥ khalu, āyuṣman viśākha, vedanāyāḥ avidyā pratibhāgaḥ iti .

avidyāyāḥ punar, ārye, kiṃ pratibhāgaḥ iti ?

avidyāyāḥ khalu, āyuṣman viśākha, vidyā pratibhāgaḥ iti .

vidyāyāḥ punar, ārye, kiṃ pratibhāgaḥ iti ?

vidyāyāḥ khalu, āyuṣman viśākha, vimuktiḥ pratibhāgaḥ iti .

vimukteḥ punar, ārye, kiṃ pratibhāgaḥ iti ?

vimukteḥ khalu, āyuṣman viśākha, nirvāṇaṃ pratibhāgaḥ iti .

nirvāṇasya punar, ārye, kiṃ pratibhāgaḥ iti ?

atyagāḥ, āyuṣman viśākha, praśnam, na aśakaḥ praśnānāṃ paryantaṃ grahītum . nirvāṇāvaghāḍhaṃ hi, āyuṣman viśākha, brahmacaryam, nirvāṇaparāyaṇam nirvāṇaparyavasānam . ākāṅkṣamāṇaḥ ca tvam, āyuṣman viśākha, bhagavantam upasaṃkramya etam arthaṃ pṛccheḥ, yathā ca te bhagavān vyākaroti tathā enaṃ dhārayethāḥ iti .

atha khalu viśākhaḥ upāsakaḥ dharmadinnāyāḥ bhikṣuṇyāḥ bhāṣitam abhinandya anumudya utthāya āsanāt dharmadinnāṃ bhikṣuṇīm abhivādya pradakṣiṇaṃ kṛtvā yena bhagavān tena upasaṃcakrāma ; upasaṃkramya bhagavantam abhivādya ekānte nyaṣīdat . ekānte niṣaṇṇaḥ khalu viśākhaḥ upāsakaḥ yāvān abhūt dharmadinnayā bhikṣuṇyā sārdhaṃ kathāsaṃlāpaḥ taṃ sarvaṃ bhagavate ārocayat .

evaṃ ukte, bhagavān viśākham upāsakam etad avocat — paṇḍitā, viśākha, dharmadinnā bhikṣuṇī, mahāprajñā, viśākha, dharmadinnā bhikṣuṇī . mām cet api tvam, viśākha, etam arthaṃ pṛccheḥ, aham api tam evam eva vyākuryām, yathā tad dharmadinnayā bhikṣuṇyā vyākṛtam . eṣaḥ ca eva etasya arthaḥ . evaṃ ca enaṃ dhāraya iti .

idam avocat bhagavān . āttamanāḥ viśākhaḥ upāsakaḥ bhagavataḥ bhāṣitam abhyanandat .

kṣudravaidalyasūtraṃ niṣṭhitaṃ caturtham .