MĀ 38 ugragṛhapatisūtram
[Translated originally from the Sanskrit Sarvāstivāda Madhyamāgama to Classical Chinese by a team led by Sarvāstivāda scholar Gautama Saṃghadeva of Kāśmīra in 398CE.
Translated from the Chinese Taisho Tripiṭaka back to Sanskrit by Ramakrishnan Suryanarayanan in 2024-26.]
madhyamāgame'dbhutadharmavarge ugragṛhapatisūtraṃ saptamam.
evaṃ mayā śrutam. ekasmin samaye bhagavān vaiśālyāṃ viharati sma mahāvane.
tasmin samaye ugro gṛhapatiḥ kevalastrīparivāraḥ strībhiḥ puraskṛto vaiśālyā niṣkramya vaiśālīmahāvanayor madhye rājeva strītūryaiḥ paricārayamāno ramamāṇo 'krīḍat. tata ugro gṛhapatir madyapānena bhṛśaṃ matto bhūtvā tāḥ striyas tyaktvā mahāvanam agamat. madyapānena bhṛśaṃ matta ugro gṛhapatir dūrād eva bhagavantam adrākṣīd vanasaṇḍe viharantaṃ prāsādikaṃ darśanīyaṃ tārāgaṇe candram iva bhrājamānaṃ suvarṇagirim iva jvalantaṃ dvātriṃśanmahāpuruṣalakṣaṇaiḥ samalaṅkṛtaṃ mahātejasaṃ śāntendriyaṃ niścayagataṃ dāntaṃ śāntam. bhagavantaṃ dṛṣṭvaiva tasya madaḥ kṣayam agamat. vigatamada ugro gṛhapatir yena bhagavāṃs tenopajagāma. upetya bhagavataḥ pādau śirasā vanditvaikānte nyaṣīdat.
tasmin samaye bhagavān ugraṃ gṛhapatim dharmyayā kathayā sandarśayāmāsa samādāpayāmāsa samuttejayāmāsa sampraharṣayāmāsa. anekaparyāyeṇa dharmyayā kathayā sandarśya samādāpya samuttejya sampraharṣya yā sā buddhānāṃ bhagavatām ānupūrvikī kathā tāṃ kathayāmāsa, yaduta dānakathāṃ śīlakathāṃ svargakathāṃ kāmānām ādīnavaṃ saṃkleśaṃ saṃsāraṃ vyavadānaṃ naiṣkramyānuśaṃsaṃ ca prakāśayāmāsa. yadā bhagavān ugraṃ gṛhapatim ājñāsīt kalyāṇacittaṃ sampūrṇacittaṃ mṛducittaṃ kṣānticittaṃ praṇītacittam ekāgracittam akāṅkṣacittam anāvaraṇacittaṃ samarthaṃ balavat saddharmadhāraṇāyeti, tadaiva yā buddhānāṃ bhagavatāṃ samutkarṣikā dharmadeśanā tāṃ prakāśayāmāsa, yaduta duḥkhaṃ samudayaṃ nirodhaṃ mārgaṃ ca. tasmin samaye ugrasya gṛhapates tasminn evāsane virajaṃ vītamalaṃ dharmeṣu dharmacakṣur utpannam, tadyathā śuddhaṃ vastram apagatakālakaṃ samyag eva raṅgaṃ pratigṛhṇīyāt. evam evograsya gṛhapates tasminn evāsane caturāryasatyadarśanam udapādi, yaduta duḥkhasamudayanirodhamārgāṇām.
tata ugro gṛhapatir dṛṣṭadharmā prāptadharmā viditadharmā paryogāḍhadharmā tīrṇakāṅkṣo vigatakathaṃkatho 'parapratyayo 'nanyaneyaḥ śāstuḥ śāsane dharmeṣu vaiśāradyaprāpta utthāyāsanād bhagavataḥ pādau śirasā vanditvā bhagavantam etad avocat. bhagavan eṣo 'haṃ bhagavantaṃ śaraṇaṃ gacchāmi dharmaṃ ca bhikṣusaṅghaṃ ca. upāsakaṃ māṃ bhagavān dhārayatv adyāgreṇa yāvajjīvaṃ prāṇopetaṃ śaraṇaṃ gatam. bhagavan aham adyāgreṇa bhagavato 'ntikād yāvajjīvaṃ brahmacaryapañcamāni śīlāni samādāya varte.
ugro gṛhapatir bhagavato 'ntikād yāvajjīvaṃ brahmacaryapañcamāni śīlāni samādāya bhagavataḥ pādau śirasā vanditvā bhagavantaṃ triḥpradakṣiṇīkṛtya prakrāman svagṛhaṃ ca jagāma. svagṛhaṃ gatvā tāḥ striyaḥ sannipātyedam avocat. jānīdhvaṃ bhavatyaḥ, mayā bhagavato 'ntikād yāvajjīvaṃ brahmacaryapañcamāni śīlāni samādattāni. yā icchaty asmin gṛhe vastum, sā vasatu puṇyāni ca karotu. yā necchati, sā svagṛhaṃ gacchatu. yā ca patim icchati, tām aham anyasmai puruṣāya dāsyāmi.
tatra yā sā jyeṣṭhā bhāryā, sogram gṛhapatim etad avocat. yady āryaputra tvayā bhagavato 'ntikād yāvajjīvaṃ brahmacaryapañcamāni śīlāni samādattāni, tasmād mām amukasmai puruṣāya prayaccheti.
tata ugro gṛhapatis tam puruṣam āhūya savyena pāṇinā jyeṣṭhāyā bhāryāyā hastaṃ gṛhītvā dakṣiṇena pāṇinā sauvarṇaṃ bhṛṅgāraṃ pragṛhya tasmai puruṣāyaitad avocat. imāṃ jyeṣṭhāṃ bhāryāṃ tubhyaṃ bhāryārthe prayacchāmīti.
tac chrutvā sa puruṣo bhītaḥ santrasto romāñcitajāta ugraṃ gṛhapatim etad avocat. kiṃ māṃ gṛhapate ghātayasi, kiṃ māṃ ghātayasīti?
gṛhapatir āha. na tvāṃ ghātayāmi, yasmān mayā bhagavato 'ntikād yāvajjīvaṃ brahmacaryapañcamāni śīlāni samādattāni, tasmād imāṃ jyeṣṭhāṃ bhāryāṃ tubhyaṃ bhāryārthe prayacchāmīti. ugreṇa gṛhapatinā jyeṣṭhā bhāryā dattā. dāsyato dadataḥ pradattasya cāsya na kiñcit kaukṛtyam abhūt.
tasmin samaye bhagavān aprameyāṇi bhikṣuśatasahasrāṇi parivṛtaḥ puraskṛta ugraṃ gṛhapatim ārabhya varṇaṃ bhāṣate sma. aṣṭābhir adbhutadharmaiḥ samanvāgata ugro gṛhapatir iti.
tatraiko bhikṣus tasyā rātrer atyayāt pūrvāhṇe nivasya pātracīvaram ādāya yenograsya gṛhapater niveśanaṃ tenopajagāma. ugro gṛhapatis tam bhikṣuṃ dūrād evāgacchantam adrākṣīt. dṛṣṭvā cotthāyāsanād ekāṃsam uttarāsaṅgaṃ kṛtvā yena sa bhikṣus tenāñjaliṃ praṇamayyaitad avocat. svāgataṃ bhadanta, svāgatam āryasya. cireṇāryeṇemāṃ diśam āgatam. niṣīdatv ārya, idaṃ cāsanam. sa bhikṣuḥ prajñapta evāsane nyaṣīdat. ugro 'pi gṛhapatis tasya pādau śirasā vanditvaikānte nyaṣīdat.
sa bhikṣur enam etad avocat. sulabdhās te gṛhapate lābhāḥ, sukṛtaṃ ca te kalyāṇaṃ yasya te bhagavān aprameyāṇi bhikṣuśatasahasrāṇi parivṛtaḥ puraskṛto varṇaṃ bhāṣate, aṣṭābhir adbhutadharmaiḥ samanvāgata ugro gṛhapatir iti. gṛhapate katame te dharmāḥ?
ugro gṛhapatir uvāca. bhadanta, bhagavān nānyathāvādī bhavati, na cāhaṃ jānāmi ke hi te bhagavatā dharmāḥ prakāśitā iti. api tu ye mayi dharmā vidyante, tāñ śṛṇu.
ekasmin samaye bhagavān vaiśālyāṃ viharati sma mahāvane. bhadanta, ahaṃ tasmin samaye kevalastrīparivāraḥ strībhiḥ puraskṛto vaiśālyā niṣkramya vaiśālīmahāvanayor madhye rājeva strītūryaiḥ paricārayamāno ramamāṇo 'krīḍam. tato 'haṃ bhadanta madyapānena bhṛśaṃ matto bhūtvā tāḥ striyas tyaktvā mahāvanam agamam. ahaṃ bhadanta madyapānena bhṛśaṃ matto dūrād eva bhagavantam adrākṣam vanasaṇḍe viharantaṃ prāsādikaṃ darśanīyaṃ tārāgaṇe candram iva bhrājamānaṃ suvarṇagirim iva jvalantaṃ dvātriṃśanmahāpuruṣalakṣaṇaiḥ samalaṅkṛtaṃ mahātejasaṃ śāntendriyaṃ niścayagataṃ dāntaṃ śāntam. me bhagavantaṃ dṛṣṭvaiva madaḥ kṣayam agamat. ayaṃ bhadanta mayi prathamo 'dbhutadharmaḥ.
bhikṣur āha. āścaryaṃ gṛhapate, adbhutaṃ gṛhapate yad ayaṃ tvayi dharmo vidyate.
na ca me bhadantāyam evaikadharmaḥ. api tu vigatamado 'haṃ yena bhagavāṃs tenopajagāma. upetya bhagavataḥ pādau śirasā vanditvaikānte nyaṣīdam. tasmin samaye bhagavān me dharmyayā kathayā sandarśayāmāsa samādāpayāmāsa samuttejayāmāsa sampraharṣayāmāsa. anekaparyāyeṇa dharmyayā kathayā sandarśya samādāpya samuttejya sampraharṣya yā sā buddhānāṃ bhagavatām ānupūrvikī kathā tāṃ kathayāmāsa, yaduta dānakathāṃ śīlakathāṃ svargakathāṃ kāmānām ādīnavaṃ saṃkleśaṃ saṃsāraṃ vyavadānaṃ naiṣkramyānuśaṃsaṃ ca prakāśayāmāsa. yadā bhagavān mām ājñāsīt kalyāṇacittaṃ sampūrṇacittaṃ mṛducittaṃ kṣānticittaṃ praṇītacittam ekāgracittam akāṅkṣacittam anāvaraṇacittaṃ samarthaṃ balavat saddharmadhāraṇāyeti, tadaiva yā buddhānāṃ bhagavatāṃ samutkarṣikā dharmadeśanā tāṃ prakāśayāmāsa, yaduta duḥkhaṃ samudayaṃ nirodhaṃ mārgaṃ ca. ahaṃ bhadanta tasminn evāsane virajaṃ vītamalaṃ dharmeṣu dharmacakṣur alapsi, tadyathā śuddhaṃ vastram apagatakālakaṃ samyag eva raṅgaṃ pratigṛhṇīyāt. evam evāhaṃ bhadanta tasminn evāsane caturāryasatyāni duḥkhasamudayanirodhamārgāṇy adrākṣam. ayaṃ bhadanta mayi dvitīyo 'dbhutadharmaḥ.
bhikṣur āha. āścaryaṃ gṛhapate, adbhutaṃ gṛhapate yad ayaṃ tvayi dharmo vidyate.
na ca me bhadantāyam evaikadharmaḥ. api tv aham dṛṣṭadharmā prāptadharmā viditadharmā paryogāḍhadharmā tīrṇakāṅkṣo vigatakathaṃkatho 'parapratyayo 'nanyaneyaḥ śāstuḥ śāsane dharmeṣu vaiśāradyaprāpta utthāyāsanād bhagavataḥ pādau śirasā vanditvā bhagavantam etad avocam. bhagavan, eṣo 'haṃ bhagavantaṃ śaraṇaṃ gacchāmi dharmaṃ ca bhikṣusaṅghaṃ ca. upāsakaṃ māṃ bhagavān dhārayatv adyāgreṇa yāvajjīvaṃ prāṇopetaṃ śaraṇaṃ gatam. bhagavan, aham adyāgreṇa bhagavato 'ntikād yāvajjīvaṃ brahmacaryapañcamāni śīlāni samādāya varte. yataḥ prabhṛti bhadanta mayā bhagavato 'ntikād yāvajjīvaṃ brahmacaryapañcamāni śīlāni samādattāni, nāham abhijānāmi kiñcic chikṣāpadaṃ khaṇḍitam. ayaṃ bhadanta mayi tṛtīyo 'dbhutadharmaḥ.
bhikṣur āha. āścaryaṃ gṛhapate, adbhutaṃ gṛhapate yad ayaṃ tvayi dharmo vidyate.
na ca me bhadantāyam evaikadharmaḥ. api tu yadāham bhagavato 'ntikād yāvajjīvaṃ brahmacaryapañcamāni śīlāni samādāya bhagavataḥ pādau śirasā vanditvā bhagavantaṃ triḥpradakṣiṇīkṛtya prakrāman svagṛhaṃ ca jagāma. svagṛhaṃ gatvā tāḥ striyaḥ sannipātyedam avocam. jānīdhvaṃ bhavatyaḥ, mayā bhagavato 'ntikād yāvajjīvaṃ brahmacaryapañcamāni śīlāni samādattāni. yā icchaty asmin gṛhe vastum, sā vasatu puṇyāni ca karotu. yā necchati, sā svagṛhaṃ gacchatu. yā ca patim icchati, tām aham anyasmai puruṣāya dāsyāmi. tatra yā sā jyeṣṭhā bhāryā, sā mām etad avocat. yady āryaputra tvayā bhagavato 'ntikād yāvajjīvaṃ brahmacaryapañcamāni śīlāni samādattāni, tasmād mām amukasmai puruṣāya prayaccheti. tata ahaṃ bhadanta tam puruṣam āhūya savyena pāṇinā jyeṣṭhāyā bhāryāyā hastaṃ gṛhītvā dakṣiṇena pāṇinā sauvarṇaṃ bhṛṅgāraṃ pragṛhya tasmai puruṣāyaitad avocam. imāṃ jyeṣṭhāṃ bhāryāṃ tubhyaṃ bhāryārthe prayacchāmīti. tac chrutvā sa puruṣo bhītaḥ santrasto romāñcitajāto mām etad avocat. kiṃ māṃ gṛhapate ghātayasi, kiṃ māṃ ghātayasīti? ahaṃ tam puruṣam avocam. na tvāṃ ghātayāmi, yasmān mayā bhagavato 'ntikād yāvajjīvaṃ brahmacaryapañcamāni śīlāni samādattāni, tasmād imāṃ jyeṣṭhāṃ bhāryāṃ tubhyaṃ bhāryārthe prayacchāmīti. yadā mayā bhadanta jyeṣṭhā bhāryā dattā, dāsyato dadataḥ pradattasya ca me na kiñcit kaukṛtyam abhūt. ayaṃ bhadanta mayi caturtho 'dbhutadharmaḥ.
bhikṣur āha. āścaryaṃ gṛhapate, adbhutaṃ gṛhapate yad ayaṃ tvayi dharmo vidyate.
na ca me bhadantāyam evaikadharmaḥ. api tu yadāhaṃ saṅghārāmam upasaṅkrāmāmi, dṛṣṭvā prathamam ekam bhikṣuṃ tasya pādau śirasā vandāmi. yadi sa bhikṣuś caṅkramyate, aham api paścād anucaṅkramyāmi. yadi niṣīdati, aham apy ekānte niṣīdāmi. niṣadya ca dharmaṃ śṛṇomi. yadi sa bhadanto me dharmaṃ deśayati, aham api tasmai bhadantāya dharmaṃ deśayāmi. yadi sa bhadanto māṃ pṛcchati, aham api pṛcchāmi. yadi sa bhadanto me vyākaroti, aham api vyākaromi. nāham abhijānāmi bhadanta sthavirāṇāṃ madhyamānāṃ navānāṃ vā bhikṣūṇām antike kiñcid avamānaṃ vā gauravahāniṃ vā kṛtavān. ayaṃ bhadanta mayi pañcamo 'dbhutadharmaḥ.
bhikṣur āha. āścaryaṃ gṛhapate, adbhutaṃ gṛhapate yad ayaṃ tvayi dharmo vidyate.
na ca me bhadantāyam evaikadharmaḥ. api tu yadāham bhikṣusaṅghe dānaṃ dadāmi, tadā devatāntarikṣe sthitvā mām etad avocat. gṛhapate, ayam arhan, ayam arhattvapratipannaḥ. ayam anāgāmī, ayam anāgāmipratipannaḥ. ayaṃ sakṛdāgāmī, ayaṃ sakṛdāgāmipratipannaḥ. ayaṃ srotāpannaḥ, ayaṃ srotāpattipratipannaḥ. ayam ārabdhavīryo, 'yaṃ hīnavīrya iti. yadāhaṃ bhadanta bhikṣusaṅghe dānaṃ dadāmi, nāham abhijānāmi mayā kiñcit pudgalavikalpaṃ kṛtam. ayaṃ bhadanta mayi ṣaṣṭho 'dbhutadharmaḥ.
bhikṣur āha. āścaryaṃ gṛhapate, adbhutaṃ gṛhapate yad ayaṃ tvayi dharmo vidyate.
na ca me bhadantāyam evaikadharmaḥ. api tu yadāham bhikṣusaṅghe dānaṃ dadāmi, tadā devatāntarikṣe sthitvā mām etad avocat. gṛhapate, tathāgato 'rhan samyaksambuddho bhagavān svākhyātadharmā, suṣṭhupratipannas tathāgataśrāvakasaṅgha iti. nāhaṃ bhadanta tasyā devatāyāḥ śraddhayā na rucyā nānūśraveṇa gacchāmi, api tu svayam evādhyātmaṃ śuddhajñānena jānāmi, tathāgato 'rhan samyaksambuddho bhagavān svākhyātadharmā, suṣṭhupratipannas tathāgataśrāvakasaṅgha iti. ayaṃ bhadanta mayi saptamo 'dbhutadharmaḥ.
bhikṣur āha. āścaryaṃ gṛhapate, adbhutaṃ gṛhapate yad ayaṃ tvayi dharmo vidyate.
na ca me bhadantāyam evaikadharmaḥ. api tu bhagavatā yāni pañcāvarabhāgīyāni saṃyojanāni deśitāni, yaduta satkāyadṛṣṭiḥ śīlavrataparāmarśo vicikitsā kāmacchando vyāpādaś ca, aham eteṣāṃ pañcānām ekaṃ saṃyojanam apy anapahīṇaṃ na samanupaśyāmi, yena saṃyojanena baddho 'ham punar imaṃ lokaṃ pratyāgaccheyaṃ garbhāvāsaṃ vā viśeyam. ayaṃ bhadanta mayy aṣṭamo 'dbhutadharmaḥ.
bhikṣur āha. āścaryaṃ gṛhapate, adbhutaṃ gṛhapate yad ayaṃ tvayi dharmo vidyate.
ugro gṛhapatir bhikṣum etad avocat. adhivāsayatv āryo 'dyātra bhojanam.
sa bhikṣur ugrasya gṛhapater anukampārthaṃ tūṣṇīṃbhāvenādhivāsayāmāsa. ugro gṛhapatis tasya bhikṣos tūṣṇīṃbhāvenādhivāsanaṃ viditvotthāyāsanāt svahastena praṇītaṃ khādanīyam bhojanīyaṃ copanāmayāmāsa tṛptiṃ yāvat. bhuktavantaṃ viditvāpanītapātraṃ dhautahastam ugro gṛhapatir nīcam āsanaṃ gṛhītvā dharmaśravaṇāyaikānte nyaṣīdat.
sa bhikṣur ugraṃ gṛhapatim dharmyayā kathayā sandarśya samādāpya samuttejya sampraharṣyotthāyāsanāt prakrāman yena bhagavāṃs tenopajagāma. upetya bhagavataḥ pādau śirasā vanditvaikānte nyaṣīdat. ekāntaniṣaṇṇaḥ sa bhikṣur ugreṇa gṛhapatinā sārdhaṃ yāvantaḥ kathālāpā abhavan, tān sarvān bhagavate nivedayāmāsa.
tato bhagavān bhikṣūn āmantrayata. etenāhaṃ kāraṇena bhikṣava ugraṃ gṛhapatim ārabhya varṇaṃ bhāṣe, aṣṭābhir adbhutadharmaiḥ samanvāgata ugro gṛhapatir iti.
idam avocat bhagavān. āttamanasas te bhikṣavo bhagavato bhāṣitam abhyanandan.
ugragṛhapatisūtraṃ saptamaṃ samāptam.
