MĀ51 pūrvakoṭisūtram

[Translated originally from the Sanskrit Sarvāstivāda Madhyamāgama to Classical Chinese by a team led by Sarvāstivāda scholar Gautama Saṃghadeva of Kāśmīra in 398CE.
Translated from the Chinese Taisho Tripiṭaka back to Sanskrit by Ramakrishnan Suryanarayanan in 2024-26.]

madhyamāgame'bhyāsasaṃyuktavarge pūrvakoṭisūtraṃ daśamam.

evaṃ mayā śrutam. ekasminsamaye bhagavāñchrāvastyāṃ viharati sma jetavane'nāthapiṇḍadasyārāme.

tasminsamaye bhagavānbhikṣūnāmantrayata—bhavatṛṣṇāyā, bhikṣavaḥ, pūrvakoṭirna prajñāyate—itaḥ pūrvaṃ bhavatṛṣṇā nāsīdatha paścātsamabhavaditi. api tu prajñāyate—idannidānā bhavatṛṣṇeti. sasamudayā bhavatṛṣṇā, nāsamudayā. kaśca bhavatṛṣṇāyāḥ samudayaḥ? avidyeti vaktavyam. avidyāpi sasamudayā, nāsamudayā. kaścāvidyāyāḥ samudayaḥ? pañca nīvaraṇānīti vaktavyam. pañca nīvaraṇānyapi sasamudayāni, nāsamudayāni. kaśca pañcānāṃ nīvaraṇānāṃ samudayaḥ? trīṇi duścaritānīti vaktavyam. trīṇyapi duścaritāni sasamudayāni, nāsamudayāni. kaśca trayāṇāṃ duścaritānāṃ samudayaḥ? indriyāsaṃvara iti vaktavyam. indriyāsaṃvaro'pi sasamudayo, nāsamudayaḥ. kaścaindriyāsaṃvarasya samudayaḥ? asmṛtyasamprajanyamiti vaktavyam. asmṛtyasamprajanyamapi sasamudayaṃ, nāsamudayam. kaścāsmṛtyasamprajanyasya samudayaḥ? ayoniśomanasikāra iti vaktavyam. ayoniśomanasikāro'pi sasamudayo, nāsamudayaḥ. kaścāyoniśomanasikārasya samudayaḥ? aśrāddhyamiti vaktavyam. aśrāddhyamapi sasamudayaṃ, nāsamudayam. kaścāśrāddhyasya samudayaḥ? asaddharmaśravaṇamiti vaktavyam. asaddharmaśravaṇamapi sasamudayaṃ, nāsamudayam. kaścāsaddharmaśravaṇasya samudayaḥ? pāpamitrāsevaneti vaktavyam. pāpamitrāsevanāpi sasamudayā, nāsamudayā. kaśca pāpamitrāsevanāyāḥ samudayaḥ? asatpuruṣa iti vaktavyam.

iti hyasatpuruṣe paripūrṇe pāpamitrāsevanā paripūryate. pāpamitrāsevanāyāṃ paripūrṇāyāmasaddharmaśravaṇaṃ paripūryate. asaddharmaśravaṇe paripūrṇe'śrāddhyaṃ paripūryate. aśrāddhye paripūrṇe'yoniśomanasikāraḥ paripūryate. ayoniśomanasikāre paripūrṇe'smṛtyasamprajanyaṃ paripūryate. asmṛtyasamprajanye paripūrṇa indriyāsaṃvaraḥ paripūryate. indriyāsaṃvare paripūrṇe trīṇi duścaritāni paripūryante. triṣu duścariteṣu paripūrṇeṣu pañca nīvaraṇāni paripūryante. pañcasu nīvaraṇeṣu paripūrṇeṣvavidyā paripūryate. avidyāyāṃ paripūrṇāyāṃ bhavatṛṣṇā paripūryate. evameṣā bhavatṛṣṇā paramparayā paripūryate.

vidyāvimuktirapi sasamudayā, nāsamudayā. kaśca vidyāvimukteḥ samudayaḥ? sapta bodhyaṅgānīti vaktavyam. sapta bodhyaṅgānyapi sasamudayāni, nāsamudayāni. kaśca saptānāṃ bodhyaṅgānāṃ samudayaḥ? catvāri smṛtyupasthānānīti vaktavyam. catvāri smṛtyupasthānānyapi sasamudayāni, nāsamudayāni. kaśca caturṇāṃ smṛtyupasthānānāṃ samudayaḥ? trīṇi sucaritānīti vaktavyam. trīṇyapi sucaritāni sasamudayāni, nāsamudayāni. kaśca trayāṇāṃ sucaritānāṃ samudayaḥ? indriyasaṃvara iti vaktavyam. indriyasaṃvaro'pi sasamudayo, nāsamudayaḥ. kaścaindriyasaṃvarasya samudayaḥ? smṛtisamprajanyamiti vaktavyam. smṛtisamprajanyamapi sasamudayaṃ, nāsamudayam. kaśca smṛtisamprajanyasya samudayaḥ? yoniśomanasikāra iti vaktavyam. yoniśomanasikāro'pi sasamudayo, nāsamudayaḥ. kaścāyoniśomanasikārasya samudayaḥ? śraddheti vaktavyam. śraddhāpi sasamudayā, nāsamudayā. kaśca śraddhāyāḥ samudayaḥ? saddharmaśravaṇamiti vaktavyam. saddharmaśravaṇamapi sasamudayaṃ, nāsamudayam. kaścāsaddharmaśravaṇasya samudayaḥ? kalyāṇamitrāsevaneti vaktavyam. kalyāṇamitrāsevanāpi sasamudayā, nāsamudayā. kaśca kalyāṇamitrāsevanāyāḥ samudayaḥ? satpuruṣa iti vaktavyam.

iti hi satpuruṣe paripūrṇe kalyāṇamitrāsevanā paripūryate. kalyāṇamitrāsevanāyāṃ paripūrṇāyāṃ saddharmaśravaṇaṃ paripūryate. saddharmaśravaṇe paripūrṇe śraddhā paripūryate. śraddhāyāṃ paripūrṇāyāṃ yoniśomanasikāraḥ paripūryate. yoniśomanasikāre paripūrṇe smṛtisamprajanyaṃ paripūryate. smṛtisamprajanye paripūrṇa indriyasaṃvaraḥ paripūryate. indriyasaṃvare paripūrṇe trīṇi sucaritāni paripūryante. triṣu sucariteṣu paripūrṇeṣu catvāri smṛtyupasthānāni paripūryante. caturṣu smṛtyupasthāneṣu paripūrṇeṣu sapta bodhyaṅgāni paripūryante. saptasu bodhyaṅgeṣu paripūrṇeṣu vidyāvimuktiḥ paripūryate. evameṣā vidyāvimuktiḥ paramparayā paripūryate.

idamavocadbhagavān. āttamanasaste bhikṣavo bhagavato bhāṣitamabhyanandan.

pūrvakoṭisūtraṃ daśamaṃ samāptam.